Barriers to identifying and Treating Older Adults with Substance abuse Problems

Substance abuse among older adults is a serious social problem. Detection of this problem, according to specialists, is hampered by barriers . This is all the more serious considering the fact that substance abuse is a serious problem among older adults but is seldom addressed because of the barriers. The need to identify and break down the barriers is important because it is important to identify and cure substance abuse patients from older adult age group bracket.This is to consider the implications of such condition to older adults – impairment of senses and mental capabilities; the health danger of mixing alcohol and other substance with medication older adults take; the threat of malnutrition considering the inability of the body to take in food; and lastly, the consideration on overall physiological effects of substance to the aging body which deteriorates because of old age and the everyday wear and tear. This is an important consideration why it is important to identif y the barriers that hinder or hamper the identification and cure of older adults suffering from substance abuse.II. Discussion Many research endeavors and researchers have already ascertained the fact that substance abuse is a problem among older adults who are addicted to different substances like alcohol as well as prescription drugs and illegal drugs. Studies are already available regarding the number of older adults in the society who are suffering from this problem . The complex way of life and how way of life differs from one place to another depending on and based from customs, tradition, cultural characteristics, etc. , has strongly affected many important aspects of life.Many professionals believe that this consideration plays an important role in the condition of the society being unable to identify older adults with substance abuse because of perceived barriers. It is important to know what these barriers are, discuss and analyze them to be able to understand these barrie rs and if possible provide solutions so that these barriers are removed and the health of the people with substance abuse problems be allowed to improve through intervention. What exactly are these barriers that hinder the identification and treatment of older adults with substance abuse problems?A. Psychological barriers Psychological barriers are present in this condition. Older adults tend to have psychological issues leading to their cases of substance abuse, as well as psychological issues when it comes to coming out and seeking help for their problem. Often, they have preconceived notions about how the society will treat them if they openly discuss their problems with substance abuse especially considering the stigma that substance abuse and the society places on the individual. Because of that, they are not overly enthused in seeking help.â€Å"Compared to younger adults, older adults are less likely to seek out and use mental health or substance abuse services . † For example, they might have the tendency to feel that professionals may look at their case as hopeless and useless to cure since they are already old and have only few years to live that intervention would have little effect. Others think that admitting substance abuse at this stage is something that is shameful. There are many other preconceived notions that deter individuals to come forward.More importantly, it is hard for those suffering from substance abuse to admit that they are addicted and for them to accept cure. This is a significant barrier. This is deterrent enough for these people to hide in the shadows. When they do, professionals, who try to seek them out, finds it more and more difficult to do so. Because of this, psychological consideration becomes a significant barrier in identifying and treating older adults with substance abuse problems. This psychological and social condition results to two things which strongly affect the efforts to identify and treat older adults with substance abuse problems.First is the lack of cooperative instincts or tendencies on the part of the individual or his or her close family and friends because of the feared repercussions. Second is the absence of the voluntary action to come forward and instead undertake efforts to further shield this addiction from being detected by professionals. Analysts are already conscious of this problem and barrier and are already suggesting ways to counter this, like the identification of ideal and useful approaches to this. Barriers are identified and later on removed and resolved to help the older adults.â€Å"In addressing alcohol problems or prescription medication misuse in later life, the use of nonjudgmental, motivational approaches can be a key to successfully engaging these patients in-care . † B. Target population Another barrier is the focus on target population. Often, adults, especially older adults, are perceived as individuals who are already capable, in control and are not as prone to substance abuse compared to younger adults who are in the early or middle part of their career, or even underage individuals who are more vulnerable to the temptations of substance abuse.This creates a misguided focus. Professionals and the society often look at a particular demographic alone and often ignores the older adult group in this kind of problem. This focus on traditional target demographics limits. Even blinds, professionals from exploring older adult groups, and the medical community should reevaluate paradigms, break traditional notions and stereotypes and consider the fact that every age group that is capable of accessing and ingesting substance that could lead to abuse can be an ideal target for substance abuse patients.In many research studies as well as in popular culture and mass media, often, the individuals portrayed as suffering from substance abuse are young to middle age adults. Efforts to study and identify substance abuse are often fo cused on selected groups and often not including older adults. C. Screening and social indicators Social indicators also mislead professionals into believing older adults are sober and are not explored for cases of substance abuse. According to professionals, social indicators like substance abuse symptoms seen at work, in the neighborhood, on the road, etc are often not common with older adults.This means older adults aren't the target of complaints for poor performance at work because of substance use and abuse; families and friends seldom complain about older adults in the household suffering from substance abuse, etc. â€Å"Older adult drinkers tend to have fewer social indicators of abuse . † Of course, this is not to mention that there are fewer indicators among this group of people considering how they are grossly outnumbered by the youth and the young adult and how figures involving older adults are overlooked.Those from younger age groups are bigger and appear more s erious, more chronic and more important, which is an incorrect perspective. What also hinders professionals from identifying and treating older adults with substance abuse is the screening process. Professionals believe that the social condition often makes older adults as individuals who are not commonly screened for any physiological or psychological signs of addiction. â€Å"It is second barrier that elders are not routinely screened for alcohol abuse by medical and mental health providers .† There are many reasons as to why this is the case. For example, it is convenient to explore the possibility that screening is often focused on younger individuals who are more vulnerable to substance abuse than older adults, creating a practice wherein older adults are often not subjected to screening. III. Conclusion Substance abuse is a serious problem. This is a kind of problem that is not limited only to young individuals but to adults and the older adults as well, including the e lderly.Evidently, there remains many significant barriers that make it difficult for professionals to identify cases of substance abuse among older adults and enforce medical as well as psychological intervention on the matter. These barriers are not easily broken down. It needs to be identified first and it is often deeply entrenched and deeply buried in the socio cultural practice and way of life of the people. Such barrier becomes formidable and hinders the entry of substance abuse recovery and rehabilitation assistance from professionals.In the end, what is important is not the mere identification of the presence of a barrier or certain barriers. More importantly, it is important to know how these barriers can be broken so that older adults with substance abuse problems are identified and provided with medical attention, care and intervention they needed to get over this kind of mental and physical health problem. On a positive light, it is indeed good to know that somehow, prof essionals are showing new ways and methods to identify substance abuse among older adults , which is significant in fighting off the barriers and allowing identification and intervention to take place.To identify the barriers and more importantly to address them by acting upon it to remove such barriers, it is important that change takes place: change in the perspective and outlook of the medical professionals; change in the perspective and outlook of health care individuals and entities; and most importantly, change in perspective and outlook of the people and the society in general so that identification is easier and the intervention administered faster and more efficiently. References Doweiko, H. E. (2006). Concepts of chemical dependency.California: Cengage. Edelman, C. L. and Mandle, C. L. (2005). Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span. Pennsylvania: Elsevier Health Sciences. Hales, R. E. and Yudofsky, S. C. (2004). Essentials of clinical psychiatry. Virginia: American Psyc hiatric Publication. Maddux, J. E. and Winstead, B. A. (2007). Psychopathology: Foundations for a Contemporary Understanding. New Jersey: CRC Press. Ries, R. K. , Miller, S. , Fiellin, D. A. and Saitz, R. (2009). Principles of Addiction Medicine. Pennsylvania: Wolters Kluwer Health.

East and West by Rabindranath Tagore Essay

I It is not always a profound interest in man that carries travellers nowadays to distant lands. More often it is the facility for rapid movement. For lack of time and for the sake of convenience we generalise and crush our human facts into the packages within the steel trunks that hold our travellers’ reports. Our knowledge of our own countrymen and our feelings about them have slowly and unconsciously grown out of innumerable facts which are full of contradictions and subject to incessant change. They have the elusive mystery and fluidity of life. We cannot define to ourselves what we are as a whole, because we know too much; because our knowledge is more than knowledge. It is an immediate consciousness of personality, any evaluation of which carries some emotion, joy or sorrow, shame or exaltation. But in a foreign land we try to find our compensation for the meagreness of our data by the compactness of the generalisation which our imperfect sympathy itself helps us to form. When a stranger from the West travels in the Eastern world he takes the facts that displease him and readily makes use of them for his rigid conclusions, fixed upon the unchallengeable authority of his personal experience. It is like a man who has his own boat for crossing his village stream, but, on being compelled to wade across some strange watercourse, draws angry comparisons as he goes from every patch of mud and every pebble which his feet encounter. Our mind has faculties which are universal, but its habits are insular. There are men who become impatient and angry at the least discomfort when their habits are incommoded. In their idea of the next world they probably conjure up the ghosts of their slippers and dressing-gowns, and expect the latchkey that opens their lodging-house door on earth to fit their front door in the other world. As travellers they are a failure; for they have grown too accustomed to their mental easy-chairs, and in their intellectual nature love home co mforts, which are of local make, more than the realities of life, which, like earth itself, are full of ups and downs, yet are one in their rounded completeness. The modern age has brought the geography of the earth near to us, but made it difficult for us to come into touch with man. We go to strange lands and observe; we do not live there. We hardly meet men: but only specimens of knowledge. We are in haste to seek for general types and overlook individuals. When we fall into the habit of neglecting to use the understanding that comes of sympathy in our travels, our knowledge of foreign people grows insensitive, and therefore easily becomes both unjust and cruel in its character, and also selfish and contemptuous in its application. Such has, too often, been the case with regard to the meeting of Western people in our days with others for whom they do not recognise any obligation of kinship. It has been admitted that the dealings between different races of men are not merely between individuals; that our mutual understanding is either aided, or else obstructed, by the general emanations forming the social atmosphere. These emanations are our collective ideas and collective feelings, generated according to special historical circumstances. For instance, the caste-idea is a collective idea in India. When we approach an Indian who is under the influence of this collective idea, he is no longer a pure individual with his conscience fully awake to the judging of the value of a human being. He is more or less a passive medium for giving expression to the sentiment of a whole community. It is evident that the caste-idea is not creative; it is merely institutional. It adjusts human beings according to some mechanical arrangement. It emphasises the negative side of the individual–his separateness. It hurts the complete truth in man. In the West, also, the people have a certain collective idea that obscures their humanity. Let me try to explain what I feel about it. II Lately I went to visit some battlefields of France which had been devastated by war. The awful calm of desolation, which still bore wrinkles of pain–death-struggles stiffened into ugly ridges–brought before my mind the vision of a huge demon, which had no shape, no meaning, yet had two arms that could strike and break and tear, a gaping mouth that could devour, and bulging brains that could conspire and plan. It was a purpose, which had a living body, but no complete humanity to temper it. Because it was passion–belonging to life, and yet not having the wholeness of life–it was the most terrible of life’s enemies. Something of the same sense of oppression in a different degree, the same desolation in a different aspect, is produced in my mind when I realise the effect of the West upon Eastern life–the West which, in its relation to us, is all plan and purpose incarnate, without any superfluous humanity. I feel the contrast very strongly in Ja pan. In that country the old world presents itself with some ideal of perfection, in which man has his varied opportunities of self-revelation in art, in ceremonial, in religious faith, and in customs expressing the poetry of social relationship. There one feels that deep delight of hospitality which life offers to life. And side by side, in the same soil, stands the modern world, which is stupendously big and powerful, but inhospitable. It has no simple-hearted welcome for man. It is living; yet the incompleteness of life’s ideal within it cannot but hurt humanity. The wriggling tentacles of a cold-blooded utilitarianism, with which the West has grasped all the easily yielding succulent portions of the East, are causing pain and indignation throughout the Eastern countries. The West comes to us, not with the imagination and sympathy that create and unite, but with a shock of passion–passion for power and wealth. This passion is a mere force, which has in it the principle of separation, of conflict. I have been fortunate in coming into close touch with individual men and women of the Western countries, and have felt with them their sorrows and shared their aspirations. I have known that they seek the same God, who is my God–even those who deny Him. I feel certain that, if the great light of culture be extinct in Europe, our horizon in the East will mourn in darkness. It does not hurt my pride to acknowledge that, in the present age, Western humanity has received its mission to be the teacher of the world; that her science, through the mastery of laws of nature, is to liberate human souls from the dark dungeon of matter. For this very reason I have realised all the more strongly, on the other hand, that the dominant collective idea in the Western countries is not creative. It is ready to enslave or kill individuals, to drug a great people with soul-killing poison, darkening their whole future with the black mist of stupefaction, and emasculating entire races of men to the utmost degree of helplessness. It is wholly wanting in spiritual power to blend and harmonise; it lacks the sense of the great personality of man. The most significant fact of modern days is this, that the West has met the East. Such a momentous meeting of humanity, in order to be fruitful, must have in its heart some great emotional idea, generous and creative. There can be no doubt that God’s choice has fallen upon the knights-errant of the West for the service of the present age; arms and armour have been given to them; but have they yet realised in their hearts the single-minded loyalty to their cause which can resist all temptations of bribery from the devil? The world to-day is offered to the West. She will destroy it, if she does not use it for a great creation of man. The materials for such a creation are in the hands of science; but the creative genius is in Man’s spiritual ideal. III When I was young a stranger from Europe came to Bengal. He chose his lodging among the people of the country, shared with them their frugal diet, and freely offered them his service. He found employment in the houses of the rich, teaching them French and German, and the money thus earned he spent to help poor students in buying books. This meant for him hours of walking in the mid-day heat of a tropical summer; for, intent upon exercising the utmost economy, he refused to hire conveyances. He was pitiless in his exaction from himself of his resources, in money, time, and strength, to the point of privation; and all this for the sake of a people who were obscure, to whom he was not born, yet whom he dearly loved. He did not come to us with a professional mission of teaching sectarian creeds; he had not in his nature the least trace of that self-sufficiency of goodness, which humiliates by gifts the victims of its insolent benevolence. Though he did not know our language, he took every occasion to frequent our meetings and ceremonies; yet he was always afraid of intrusion, and tenderly anxious lest he might offend us by his ignorance of our customs. At last, under the continual strain of work in an alien climate and surroundings, his health broke down. He died, and was cremated at our burning-ground, according to his express desire. The attitude of his mind, the manner of his living, the object of his life, his modesty, his unstinted self-sacrifice for a people who had not even the power to give publicity to any benefaction bestowed upon them, were so utterly unlike anything we were accustomed to associate with the Europeans in India, that it gave rise in our mind to a feeling of love bordering upon awe. We all have a realm, a private paradise, in our mind, where dwell deathless memories of persons who brought some divine light to our life’s experience, who may not be known to others, and whose names have no place in the pages of history. Let me confess to you that this man lives as one of those immortals in the paradise of my individual life. He came from Sweden, his name was Hammargren. What was most remarkable in the event of his coming to us in Bengal was the fact that in his own country he had chanced to read some works of my great countryman, Ram Mohan Roy, and felt an immense veneration for his genius and his character. Ram Mohan Roy lived in the beginning of the last century, and it is no exaggeration when I describe him as one of the immortal personalities of modern time. This young Swede had the unusual gift of a far-sighted intellect and sympathy, which enabled him even from his distance of space and time, and in spite of racial differences, to realise the greatness of Ram Mohan Roy. It moved him so deeply that he resolved to go to the country which produced this great man, and offer her his service. He was poor, and he had to wait some time in England before he could earn his passage money to India. There he came at last, and in reckless generosity of love utterly spent himself to the last breath of his life, away from home and kindred and all the inheritances of his motherland. His stay among us was too short to produce any outward result. He failed even to achieve during his life what he had in his mind, which was to found by the help of his scanty earnings a library as a memorial to Ram Mohan Roy, and thus to leave behind him a visible symbol of his devotion. But what I prize most in this European youth, who left no record of his life behind him, is not the memory of any service of goodwill, but the precious gift of respect which he offered to a people who are fallen upon evil times, and whom it is so easy to ignore or to humiliate. For the first time in the modern days this obscure individual from Sweden brought to our country the chivalrous courtesy of the West, a greeting of human fellowship. The coincidence came to me with a great and delightful surprise when the Nobel Prize was offered to me from Sweden. As a recognition of individual merit it was of great value to me, no doubt; but it was the acknowledgment of the East as a collaborator with the Western continents, in contributing its riches to the common stock of civilisation, which had the chief significance for the present age. It meant joining hands in comradeship by the two great hemispheres of the human world across the sea. IV To-day the real East remains unexplored. The blindness of contempt is more hopeless than the blindness of ignorance; for contempt kills the light which ignorance merely leaves unignited. The East is waiting to be understood by the Western races, in order not only to be able to give what is true in her, but also to be confident of her own mission. In Indian history, the meeting of the Mussulman and the Hindu produced Akbar, the object of whose dream was the unification of hearts and ideals. It had all the glowing enthusiasm of a religion, and it produced an immediate and a vast result even in his own lifetime. But the fact still remains that the Western mind, after centuries of contact with the East, has not evolved the enthusiasm of a chivalrous ideal which can bring this age to its fulfilment. It is everywhere raising thorny hedges of exclusion and offering human sacrifices to national self-seeking. It has intensified the mutual feelings of envy among Western races themselves, as th ey fight over their spoils and display a carnivorous pride in their snarling rows of teeth. We must again guard our minds from any encroaching distrust of the individuals of a nation. The active love of humanity and the spirit of martyrdom for the cause of justice and truth which I have met with in the Western countries have been a great lesson and inspiration to me. I have no doubt in my mind that the West owes its true greatness, not so much to its marvellous training of intellect, as to its spirit of service devoted to the welfare of man. Therefore I speak with a personal feeling of pain and sadness about the collective power which is guiding the helm of Western civilisation. It is a passion, not an ideal. The more success it has brought to Europe, the more costly it will prove to her at last, when the accounts have to be rendered. And the signs are unmistakable, that the accounts have been called for. The time has come when Europe must know that the forcible parasitism which she has been practising upon the two large Continents of the world–the two most unwieldy whales of humanity–must be causing to her moral nature a gradual atrophy and degenera tion. As an example, let me quote the following extract from the concluding chapter of From the Cape to Cairo, by Messrs. Grogan and Sharp, two writers who have the power to inculcate their doctrines by precept and example. In their reference to the African they are candid, as when they say, â€Å"We have stolen his land. Now we must steal his limbs.† These two sentences, carefully articulated, with a smack of enjoyment, have been more clearly explained in the following statement, where some sense of that decency which is the attenuated ghost of a buried conscience, prompts the writers to use the phrase â€Å"compulsory labour† in place of the honest word â€Å"slavery†; just as the modern politician adroitly avoids the word â€Å"injunction† and uses the word â€Å"mandate.† â€Å"Compulsory labour in some form,† they say, â€Å"is the corollary of our occupation of the country.† And they add: â€Å"It is pathetic, but it is history,† implying thereby that moral sentiments have no serious effect in the history of human beings. Elsewhere they write: â€Å"Either we must give up the country commercially, or we must make the African work. And mere abuse of those who point out the impasse cannot change the facts. We must decide, and soon. Or rather the white man of South Africa will decide.† The authors also confess that they have seen too much of the world â€Å"to have any lingering belief that Western civilisation benefits native races.† The logic is simple–the logic of egoism. But the argument is simplified by lopping off the greater part of the premise. For these writers seem to hold that the only important question for the white men of South Africa is, how indefinitely to grow fat on ostrich feathers and diamond mines, and dance jazz dances over the misery and degradation of a whole race of fellow-beings of a different colour from their own. Possibly they believe that moral laws have a special domesticated breed of comfortable concessions for the service of the people in power. Possibly they ignore the fact that commercial and political cannibalism, profitably practised upon foreign races, creeps back nearer home; that the cultivation of unwholesome appetites has its final reckoning with the stomach which has been made to serve it. For, after all, man is a spiritual being, and not a mere living money-bag jumping from profit to profit, and breaking the backbone of human races in its financial leapfrog. Such, however, has been the condition of things for more than a century; and to-day, trying to read the future by the light of the European conflagration, we are asking ourselves everywhere in the East: â€Å"Is this frightfully overgrown power really great? It can bruise us from without, but can it add to our wealth of spirit? It can sign peace treaties, but can it give peace?† It was about two thousand years ago that all-powerful Rome in one of its eastern provinces executed on a cross a simple teacher of an obscure tribe of fishermen. On that day the Roman governor felt no falling off of his appetite or sleep. On that day there was, on the one hand, the agony, the humiliation, the death; on the other, the pomp of pride and festivity in the Governor’s palace. And to-day? To whom, then, shall we bow the head? Kasmai devaya havisha vidhema? (To which God shall we offer oblation?) We know of an instance in our own history of India, when a great personality, both in his life and voice, struck the keynote of the solemn music of the soul–love for all creatures. And that music crossed seas, mountains, and deserts. Races belonging to different climates, habits, and languages were drawn together, not in the clash of arms, not in the conflict of exploitation, but in harmony of life, in amity and peace. That was creation. When we think of it, we see at once what the confusion of thought was to which the Western poet, dwelling upon the difference between East and West, referred when he said, â€Å"Never the twain shall meet.† It is true that they are not yet showing any real sign of meeting. But the reason is because the West has not sent out its humanity to meet the man in the East, but only its machine. Therefore the poet’s line has to be changed into something like this: Man is man, machine is machine, And never the twain shall wed. You must know that red tape can never be a common human bond; that official sealing-wax can never provide means of mutual attachment; that it is a painful ordeal for human beings to have to receive favours from animated pigeonholes, and condescensions from printed circulars that give notice but never speak. The presence of the Western people in the East is a human fact. If we are to gain anything from them, it must not be a mere sum-total of legal codes and systems of civil and military services. Man is a great deal more to man than that. We have our human birthright to claim direct help from the man of the West, if he has anything great to give us. It must come to us, not through mere facts in a juxtaposition, but through the spontaneous sacrifice made by those who have the gift, and therefore the responsibility. Earnestly I ask the poet of the Western world to realise and sing to you with all the great power of music which he has, that the East and the West are ever in search of ea ch other, and that they must meet not merely in the fulness of physical strength, but in fulness of truth; that the right hand, which wields the sword, has the need of the left, which holds the shield of safety. The East has its seat in the vast plains watched over by the snow-peaked mountains and fertilised by rivers carrying mighty volumes of water to the sea. There, under the blaze of a tropical sun, the physical life has bedimmed the light of its vigour and lessened its claims. There man has had the repose of mind which has ever tried to set itself in harmony with the inner notes of existence. In the silence of sunrise and sunset, and on star-crowded nights, he has sat face to face with the Infinite, waiting for the revelation that opens up the heart of all that there is. He has said, in a rapture of realisation: â€Å"Hearken to me, ye children of the Immortal, who dwell in the Kingdom of Heaven. I have known, from beyond darkness, the Supreme Person, shining with the radiance of the sun.† The man from the East, with his faith in the eternal, who in his soul had met the touch of the Supreme Person–did he never come to you in the West and speak to you of the Kingdom of Heaven? Did he not unite the East and the West in truth, in the unity of one spiritual bond between all children of the Immortal, in the realisation of one great Personality in all human persons? Yes, the East did once meet the West profoundly in the growth of her life. Such union became possible, because the East came to the West with the ideal that is creative, and not with the passion that destroys moral bonds. The mystic consciousness of the Infinite, which she brought with her, was greatly needed by the man of the West to give him his balance. On the other hand, the East must find her own balance in Science–the magnificent gift that the West can bring to her. Truth has its nest as well as its sky. That nest is definite in structure, accurate in law of construction; and though it has to be changed and rebuilt over and over again, the need of it is never-ending and its laws are eternal. For some centuries the East has neglected the nest-building of truth. She has not been attentive to learn its secret. Trying to cross the trackless infinite, the East has relied solely upon her wings. She has spurned the earth, till, buffeted by storms, her wings are hurt and she is tired, sorely needing help. But has she then to be told that the messenger of the sky and the builder of the nest shall never meet?

Agriculture and Animal Husbandry in Ecuador Essay -- agricultural contam

The Costa region is located between the Pacific Ocean and the Andes Mountains, and is made up of coastal lowlands, coastal mountains, and hilly hills that separate river valleys. Ecuador has a long and varied coastline. It is the country’s most fertile and productive land. The crops that would be commonly found in this region are: Bananas, rice crop, and cocoa. The truly coastal provinces have active fisheries. Coastal waters are rich with anchovies, mackerel, tuna, shrimp, fish, tilapia, and crab. Shrimp and tilapia are raised in small ponds. Cocoa is grown primarily by small scale farmers mainly in tropical cropping systems. Rice is a very important crop grown by small and medium scale farmers. (1) Most of this nation’s bananas, cacao, coffee and sugar cane are raised on plantations in the coastal lowlands. Oranges and rice are also grown in the coastal lowlands. Ecuador is the world’s leading producer of balsa wood which grows in the coastal lowlands. (5) The Sierra region has two major chains of the Andes Mountains, the Coproduce mainly beef and dual purpose cattle with dairy. For a country that’s no bigger than the state of Colorado, it’s amazing how diverse its agricultural regions are. (1) SOURCES: 1) Central Intelligence Agency, CIA, (2013), â€Å"South America: Ecuador†, http://www.cia.gov/library/publications, World Fact book 2) CROPS, U.S. Library of Congress, 1989. http://countrystudies.us/ecuador/46.htm 3) Country Pasture/Forage Resource Profiles , J.M. Suttie and S.G. Reynolds in January, 2003 and modified by S.G. Reynolds in May 2006, http://www.fao.org/ag/agp/AGPC/doc/pasture/forage.htm 4) Encyclopedia of the Nations, 2014 Advameg, Inc., http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Americas/Ecuador-ENVIRONMENT.html#ixzz2rMkJUyg3 5) World Book Encyclopedia, 2014, World Book inc., Chicago, IL 6) Culture Shock Ecuador, Nicholas Crowder, Marshall Cavendish 2001, Tarrytown, NY

Game Play Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Game Play Project - Essay Example Markers or crayons, yarn, buttons, and glue-sticks are materials that are cheap and are a great way to decorate the puppets without creating a mess. There are many available designs that workers can teach the young patients which can be viewed on Enhantedlearning.com. After designing the puppets, the worker and the children can develop a dialogue about their specific puppet such as their name and basic characteristics. Workers can prompt the children with questions such as â€Å"What’s your puppets name? What’s the puppet’s favorite food, activity, etc? Does the puppet have any brothers and sisters?† Finally, the children can create a story whether through improvisation or writing out a scene and act out the story using their puppets. This activity does not have any major safety risks that need to be addressed. As long as the adult/worker has prepared the yarn before hand, there is no need to bring scissors or any other risky material into the patient†™s environment. The puppet activity can be modified for children as young as four or five and as old as nine or ten.

Fundamental of International Buisness Master Essay

Fundamental of International Buisness Master - Essay Example CPC's production facilities are decentralized according to the four regions in which it operates, following the principle of having the right product in the right store at the right time. Using SAP software for more effective management of logistics and promotional investments, reduction of out-of-stocks, and excellent customer service, it has production and R&D facilities in the following countries: CPC has a stable of global brands that include the following: Colgate, Palmolive, Kolynos, Sorriso, Elmex, Mennen, Protex, Softsoap, Irish Spring, Ajax, Soupline, Suavitel, Hill's Science Diet, and Hill's Prescription Diet. Its product formulations (Annual Report, 2004, pp. 8-12) are adapted to the country or region where these are sold. The growth rates of exports are higher compared to that of domestic sales, which declined slightly by 0.19% (from $2.744 billion to $2.739 billion) in 2003 and grew by 1.52% (to $2.781 billion) in 2004. Colgate-Palmolive Company (2004). Annual report: investing strategically for profitable growth. New York: Colgate-Palmolive Company. Retrieved November 26, 2005, from http://investor.colgatepalmolive.com/downloads/2004Annual.pdf

Discussion Board 3-1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Discussion Board 3-1 - Essay Example This includes cultural issues, past abuses, education background, occupational functioning, religious factor and recent marital stress. Psychological factors form a wider net of client’s mental health; hence, these themes tend to influence the clinicians by their theoretical orientation (Allan Tasman, 2013). These factors include patients; Behaviors pattern is a critical theme that encompasses both positive and negatives changes in behavioral patterns of a client. The clinicians should note the self-destructive behavior like mood lability and anxiety. An interpersonal relationship is another theme, in this grouping the clinicians evaluate the patient’s stableness in maintaining a relationship with peers, workmates and even at the family level. The clinician also explores the sexual relationship and the intimacy of the patient. The relationship with the interviewer is a key theme as the attitude towards the interviewer from the patient is evaluated. This will extrapolates patterns in patient’s life towards other relationships (Allan Tasman, 2013). Biological themes that include the patients both psychological illness and medical illness provide clinicians with an in-depth perspective of the patient. Some of the mental illness may be of genetic in

What are the limitations of situational crime prevention Essay

What are the limitations of situational crime prevention - Essay Example es to reduce the opportunities for crime by increasing the effort that the offender must invest, increasing the risks he must take, and reducing the rewards. Moreover, a key finding in studies of situational crime prevention is that the calculus of risks and rewards does not have to be decisively altered to be effective. An instructive example is prevention of library and bookstore thefts by electronic detection systems. To a determined shoplifter (or library lifter), the system hardly poses an insuperable obstacle. And yet such systems are effective even when only a small portion (or even none) of a librarys books have actually been coded with the magnetic strip (Petersilia et al., 1995, 244). However, although the measures suggested in accordance with the principles of situational crime prevention can be very helpful towards the prevention of crime in specific places, in practice several factors can influence the completion of the relevant procedure in a way that the desired target – limitation of crime in specific places – is often missed. Back in the mid-nineteenth century, Edwin Chadwick had a very clear vision of crime prevention equivalent to the modern notion of opportunity reduction. As Reith says, quoting Chadwick, "the function of preventive police was placing difficulties in the way of objects of temptation."(1956:200). Chadwick, however, did not believe that the police alone were responsible for reducing criminal opportunities. In the Report of Constabulary Force Commissioners, he argued the need for "the honest portion of the community" to be "convinced of the necessity of taking effective measures for the abatement of the evil [property crime)" (Lefebre et al.,1839:55). Returning to more recent times, one begins to see the emergence of a specific crime prevention policy in Britain from 1950 when, according to the Greater London Council (GLC) (1986) the Home Office approached the insurance industry and in concert with them produced the first

1967 war is it a defeat or a victory to the Arabs Essay

1967 war is it a defeat or a victory to the Arabs - Essay Example After the second war between the Arab and Israel in 1956, the Egyptian forces agreed to maintain peace with the positioning of the UN peacemakers in the borders of Egypt and Israel. This positioning of the peacemakers were due to the efforts of the US and Soviet Union in the war of 1956 between Egypt and Israel, UK and France. In the next decades, there were several minor conflicts between Israel and the Arabs, particularly with the Syrians (Hammel, 2001). In 1966, Soviet Union reminded Syria for not violating the agreement of peace between the Arab states and the Israel. Soon after that amidst environment of tension, the Palestine Liberation Organization launched a mine attack in Syria that killed three Syrian soldiers. This created a series of retaliatory activities between Israel and the Arabs, mainly Palestine, Syria, Jordan, Egypt. The King of Jordan noticed that Egypt did not come forward to the aid of Jordan against Israel which forced him to sign a defence treaty with Egyptia n president in order to stop the military invasions of Israel. The cause of the war of 1967 was also due to dispute of sharing of water from the Jordan River. Israel diversified the flow of water from the Jordan River into its west banks for agriculture and irrigation (Sadeh, 1997). Syria tapped the flow of stream and diverted it into the regions of Syria, Jordan and Egypt due to which Israel faced shortage of water. The tensions over the conflict with water sharing also led to the war of 1967. Role of Arab states in the war of 1967 Prior to the war of 1967, the Israeli borders faced ample terrorist attacks from the Arabs. These terrorist attacks were Palestinian attacks on Israel. Israel figured out that Syria has been sponsoring these terrorist attacks on their land. The Israeli forces warned Syria to stop sponsoring the terrorist attacks for honouring their peace treaty. When the terrorist attacks of the Arabs on the Israeli borders continued, Israel carried out planned military operations on the villages of the West Bank of Jordan and Syria. Israel also started to deploy armies in a pre-planned manner in the demilitarized zones in the borders of Israel and the Arab states (Louis and  Shlaim, 2012). When the Arabs states found that Israel has been aggressive and has been launching military attacks to destroy their nations and villages, they started to unite and sign defence pacts. The Egyptian president started to gather his troops in the Straits of Tiran in order to block the access of Israel to this waterway. The Syrian army started to collect troops in the Golan height. The Egyptian president ordered his army to block the Israelis in the Gaza strip and the Sinai Peninsula (Dunstan, 2012). The Jordanian troops also joined hands with Egypt and Syria in the war against Israel. The Straits of Tiran was regarded as the international waterway by Israel and other international communities. According to the previous treaty signed between the Israel and the Ara b states, blocking the Straits of Tiran would mean declaration of war. In order to overhaul the resistance and opposition of the Arab states in the Straits of Tiran, the Israeli government decided to go for war and break the barriers created by the Arab army forces. This led to the six-day war of 1967 that saw Israel launching a series of carefully planned air strikes on a continuous basis over the Arab military forces that resulted into severe damage and killing of the Arab troops and soldiers (Quandt, 2001). Thus the Arab states played the role of creating irrevocable conditions by blocking the access of Israel to the Straits of Tiran, raising military deployments in the Gaza strips and Golan height that stimulated the outbreak of underlying tensions to the

E cmmerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

E cmmerce - Essay Example Infrastructure include providing multiple ways and effective communication network sites, and provision of different ways of protecting and verifying the authenticity of sites among other factors. For example, ‘Individuals’ provide broadband connectivity for internet connections at affordable prices, to increase the proportion of Internet users hence an e-commerce boom. ‘Institutions and governments’ to provide digital certificates and secure infrastructure for information exchange, hence user confidence and adoption of electronic commerce. Electronic commerce is not confined to "buy and sell" via the Internet. It may have profitability goals and different models for selling and buying. However, if there remains partial payment, availability, and ease of use by the owner of the site and the consumer, this would be a catalyst for emergence of a very prosperous e-commerce project. An access to sophisticated system addresses based on the numbering of each facility should be available. A specific home address ensures that delivery is made to the specific address. Physical address system exists in many developed countries, but lacks in many Arab countries, for example Saudi Arabia, which still relies on landmarks in order for a driver reach your home. Finally, Saudi Arabia needs these three aspects to promote e-commerce, although it still lacks a physical address system. Until now, there are a number of attempts by small medium enterprises and entrepreneurs to address this problem. Delivery is a determinant factor in the progression of e commerce in Saudi Arabia. This is because delivery enhances the flow of goods to various destinations in conjunction with the online business directives. The delivery helps in a dancing the obligation pertaining t the business transactions. Delivery of goods forms part of these contractual obligations. According to Buchele (2008,p.71), the delivery factor enables the

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 10

Ethics - Essay Example Aristotle’s Human Function Argument: Based on the human function argument, Aristotle had argued that a clear concept of happiness can be realized if the human function could be studied and understood. It reflects that every function or activity of human beings contains the goodness or happiness in it based on rationality of the function. Thus with the rational part of the human soul performing an activity or a particular function, the goodness or happiness takes place. Aristotle had considered happiness to be the best good that could have happened to a human being. Thus in order to determine the goodness in man, Aristotle’s function argument states that the function of the human needs to be ascertained. Also, according to him, human life has been stated to be common to plants, as well as to animals thereby having an active life element with rationality (Korsgaard 129-132). The arguments presented by Aristotle as part of the function argument includes: â€Å"(1) Humans must have a function, or else they would be idle, which is absurd; (2) Each human body part has a function, so the whole human must likewise have a function; (3) The human function is unique to only humans themselves; (4)Human function is not growth and nutrition because these aspects of life are shared with plant; (5)Human function is not sense perception because this aspect of life is shared with animal; (6)The part of the human soul with reason is unique to human; (7) The bare capacity of reason is insufficient to constitute a life function; and (8) Therefore, the human function is activity of the part of the soul that expresses or requires reason† (Pritchett). Failure of the Function Argument: Although Aristotle tried his best to determine the human function reflecting the happiness and goodness factors in human, his beliefs could not stand alone against the questions and criticisms that were raised. Aristotle could not place his arguments successfully as he lacked support ive arguments over the premises he focused on. He could not explain the reason for human function to be considered as unique. When he said that human function is common to plants, it raised questions on the fact as to how two things can be similar only because they share some activities in common. Also, when he stated about animals, it is not clear whether he meant to say that humans only have functions and animals do not have any function. Different functions can be associated with different features or a same function can be presented in different ways by different individuals or animals. Hence Aristotle’s arguments could not present clearly the meanings of the premises (Pritchett). Critics also could not realize how the goodness of a human being can be associated with the good performance or activity of the individual even if there is a function present in human beings. Questions could be raised on several thoughts. For example, even if it is believed to be true that goodn ess of a human is based on the good activity of the human, question arises whether it is good to be a good human or whether every the goodness of every single human can be determined the same, and so on (Korsgaard 131). Thus

Samsung Marketing Plan Essay Example for Free

Samsung Marketing Plan Essay Samsung Electronics has proven to the business world that they are one of the mostprestigious technology companies in the industry. With more technology advancements thanour market can handle at this point and time, Samsung has paved the way for the future inelectronics. One of the most popular new â€Å"toys† in the market today, is the unbelievable 3D TV. The first 3D TV was launched in March of 2010, and has already had a major impact on themarket. With the release earlier this year, Samsung dominated the market, controlling nearly90% of the total share. Samsung’s product, the 9000 series TV, is incomparable to competitionwith its ultra-thin screen, measuring only 0. 3 inches in width. The 9000 series also comes with afull color spectrum that makes for an incredible viewing experience. Although Samsung is dominating the 3D market, we still have very detailed strategiesand tactics that we believe will give us an increased competitive advantage over our competition. The company’s main emphasis the past couple years has been on integration,union, and encouraging innovation. Samsung is always preparing for the next big item to hit themarket, which is why their technology is so far ahead of all leading competitors. In the future,we plan to enter the 3D video gaming market with a partnership with Microsoft. This will give usaccess to all of Microsoft’s gaming technology, in which we will combine with our quality of sound and viewing stations to create the ultimate gaming experience. Of course, throughoutour journey through this market, we will continue to provide the best ad campaigns for the publicso that they will never forget our product. We will put as much prominence as possible in thesleek design and the one of a kind ultra-thin panel, only available in the Samsung 9000 series. By having an effective ad campaign, we will be able to catch the eye of many different targetgroups. Our major target groups are men around the ages of mid twenties to late thirties,Caucasian males, with a new and growing family. Studies show that this category is more likelyto buy the TV, along with a gaming system, than other aged males. We are also targeting â€Å"CubeTubers†. This is a group that consists of young people who grasp onto new technology quickly.

Information System Essay Example for Free

Information System Essay The introduction of information system has heave effect on arising of ethical, social and political issues. These issues should be dealt with at individual, social and political levels. The computer professional and users have the responsibility of maintaining relationship with each other given that critical decision made poses significant consequences to the involved parties. Ethical issues are those principles of what is right and wrong that can be used by individuals acting morally as they make choices that guide their view towards new information technology. They have to behave ethically by not stealing, being honest, keeping promises and doing ones job right for computer users. Consequently, computer professionals are to follow good professional standards and practices, educate non computer professionals on how the systems affect people (Alter, 1999). They are also to ensure the latest knowledge and technology is attained through high level of professional competence. Thus the five ethical, social and political issues in information system that call for moral steps to be taken in making decisions are; The information rights and obligations Individuals and organizations should have rights and obligation on information so that they are able to protect their information in the system. The ethical issue here are on what condition should privacy be raided or what justifiable self-effacing inspection. Socially, people have to be ascertained privacy when using the information system. But will the expectation of the society be extended to criminal conspirators. Politically, are securities teams monitor or maintain individuals’ data from sites? Property rights and obligations There should be a way of protecting the traditional intellectual property rights in a digital society. This will facilitate tracing and accounting for information ownership by eliminating difficulties associated with property rights. In respect to social issues, the society should be in a position of sharing information so as to eliminate law breakers and politically, the government should protect investment of creators by setting new protection measures needed. Accountability and control The issue of who is to be held accountable or liable for the harm done to individuals or for the collective information and property rights. The ethical issue is on who is responsible morally for the consequences of the use of hardware or software. Socially, the issue brought out is on what the expectation of the society should be in allowing service provision from information system or can people be in a position of trusting the quality of the software, data (Gupta, 2000). In addition, the political issues of on what extent should the government intervene so that it may protect service providers and users. System quality The standards of data and quality of system should be defined that society should demand in order to protect individuals’ rights and the safety in the society. Ethically, the point at which services are to be released for consumption has to be defined. On social issues, whether people are to be convinced that the information systems are infallible and politically whether laws of accountability and responsibility should be set (Alter, 2006). The government has to step in and develop standards on the quality of data, software and hardware. Quality of life Certain values have to be preserved in an information and knowledge-based society against violation. The information should be in a position of supporting the cultural values and practices. Information system has led to reengineering of work, health risks like computer vision syndrome and radiation from display screens. In addition, it weakens traditional boundaries; it is vulnerable to system failures, slow responses to change due to efficient market place and problems associated with centralized policy decisions (Curtis Cobham, 2008). Even though information system poses several issues to business, it must be incorporated in business operations for it is vital in coordination and communication within the business. Additionally, the benefits of information system are much more than the few shortcomings it carries. 2. An information system refers to the combination of information technology and people’s activities while using the technology in order to support operations, management and ease decision making. In essence, it’s the interaction between people, processes, data and technology (Beynon-Davies, 2009). It helps in controlling the performance of business processes. An information system works in a way that human and machines perform tasks to produce products and services for customers. Information system is made up of several components of management, organization and technology. These are; the people, hardware, software, data, network resources, types of information products and the way the components perform i.e. input, processing, output and storage through controlled activities. People resources are made up of end users and information system specialists while hardware consists of machines and media. The soft ware resources comprises of programs and procedures in storage of information and processing while data consists of data and knowledge sources (Mader, 1979). Network resources are made up of communications media and network which facilitate technology in innovation and communication. 3. In an organization, information system is vital given that it helps in decision making by employees and managers. Additionally, it wires an organization strategy for competitive advantage through innovation using information system and facilitating business processes and operations. In a business, information system provides managers with important information about sales, inventories and all other vital data that will help in managing an organization (Edwards, 2001). It facilitates effective communication between the different levels of management through collection, processing, storing and dissemination of data in the organization. I believe that information system is very important in the organization for it enhances communication within the organization. By incorporating modern information technology in management of the business, managers will be able to come up with decision with much ease. Furthermore, it provides essential data for analysis of performance of various levels in the business thus enabling motivation, training, recruitment and promotion. Lastly, it provides data and analysis which are useful in making good decision of how, when and where to employ human resources in order to achieve the goal of the organization. 4. Â   I agree that there is a sustainable competitive advantage in business. Sustainable competitive advantage can only be attained through the use of information system where it facilitates innovation and decision making that will enable a business to remain competitive in the market (O’Brien, 2008). The organization will therefore make use of information technology to reengineer internal processes of the business thus cutting on cost and ensuring quality products making them to remain competitive in the market. In short, a sustainable competitive advantage is possible with implementation of effective information system with proper and focused management.

Theories and models of change management

Theories and models of change management Nothing in this world is at the state of constant static. Everything is changing. Likewise, organisations are also changing all the time. If we look few decades back things have changed a lot. Change neither disappears nor dissipates. It is a process which is inevitable. What is important is how we manage the change to get the best out of it. Change is the major driving force for a company to be innovative and experiment with new management styles and tools. Changes can bring fortune in the company with improved profit margins and satisfied employees provided that the changes are handled properly with appropriate management strategies, however, if the organisations fails to come across the appropriate and effective management strategies then it can affect the company badly and at worst even collapsing or bankruptcy. So, the changes that an organisation face has to be planned, organised, directed, controlled and channelled effectively. This requires a good leadership quality in the le ader whoever that might be. Leaders can be CEO, Mangers, Chairperson or Board of Directors depending on the organisation. There are many management thinkers at different times who have proposed many different theories and model regarding the nature of change management and how to manage the changes effectively for better of the organisations. The next section of this essay will look at the different management thinkers and their management theories and models and their relevance with the changing business environment and how it is crucial for an organisation to undergo changes for its prosperity and progress. One of the first and most popular theories of change management was given by Kurt Lewin (1890-1947). Lewins model is rather simple however other change management theories are based on this model. Lewins model of change is divided into three stages of unfreeze, change and freeze referring 3 stages of changes The first step in the change in the behaviour is to unfreeze the existing situation which is also called quo state which is the equilibrium state. Unfreezing of the quo state is very important to break the resistance from the change. It can be done with either increasing driving forces away from the quo state or decrease the restraining forces that negatively affects the movement away from the equilibrium or use the both method .(Stephen, 2003) The second step which is the change stage is the movement where all the changes happen. This movement can be facilitated with by persuading the employees to agree on the changes, telling them the benefits of the changes and making them sure that everybody has to work together to get the best out of the changes and show them new perspectives.(Stephen, 2003) The third step is the freezing stage which is the step after the change has been implemented. This stage of the change is required for the changes to stick over time. Sustainability is very important when new changes have been made. The new changes have to be properly institutionalised and formally accepted by all. The actual integration of the new changes takes place in this unfreeze stage. (Stephen, 2003) According to Lewin (1951) driving forces facilitate change because they push employees in the desired direction. Restraining forces hinder change because they push employees in the opposite direction. Therefore, these forces must be analyzed and Lewins three-step model can help shift the balance in the direction of the planned change. Changes are very crucial since changes makes new and improved ideas to implement into action possible. (Kanter, R. et al. 1992) After Lewins model many other writers upgraded his theory making it more effective however the fundamental aspects were still there. One of the most popular model of change management is Kotters eight step model (Kotter, 1995). According to Kotter, successful implementation of change depends on the eight steps as proposed by him. Skipping any one of the eight steps might create illusion of speeding of the process but it does not improve the effectiveness of change.(Singh,1963) His eight steps include the following steps: Create a sense of urgency: This step includes analysing the market and examining the possible risks and opportunities along with the competition in the market. (Kotter,1996) Establishing the powerful group to guide the change: This step is to create a group which is capable to handle the changes and has enough power to lead the effort. The group should be encouraged to work as a team. (Kotter,1996) Develop a vision: This stage includes creating a proper vision of change in the organisation. Apart from this the change should be highly focused and should be in rather simple form so that everyone understands and accepts. (Kotter,1996) Communicate the vision : The vision that has been proposed has to be delivered or explained to everyone. A good communication of the vision is very important. (Kotter,1996) Empower staff: The next step is empowering the staffs. This step includes removing hurdles in the change and encouraging new and unconventional ideas and ways of doing things. (Kotter,1996) Ensure there are short terms win: It is very important to keep the staffs motivated. Short term wins help the staffs to remain motivated. This also helps the support needed for the change. (Kotter,1996) Consolidate gains: Organisation should check the policies that inhibit or restrain the changes and if there are any, they should be changed. The policies that catalyse the changes should be brought in to action to speed up the change and efficiency. (Kotter,1996) Institutionalise the change in the culture of the organisation: the changes that have been made should be institutionalised or embedded in the organisation as a culture and should be linked with the performance and leadership. (Kotter,1996) The first four steps of Kotters eight model act as a defroster a hardened equilibrium. Stages five to seven is the introduction of many new changes. It resembles with the change phase in the Lewins model. The last phase grounds the changes that have been made into the business or organisation culture. The success and improvement of the organisation depends on the proper follow of the sequence. ( Kotter,1996) The next change management model is the ADKAR model proposed by Jeffery M Hait (2006). ADKAR is basically a framework to understand change in the individual level which was later used in the field of business and management. It comprises of five elements which are Awareness (of the need of change), Desire ( to support and participate in the change), Knowledge( of how to change), Ability( to implement required skills and behaviours) and Reinforcement( to sustain the change). (Hait,2006) Awareness represents the understanding of the need of the change along with the nature and the affects of not going through the change. (Haitt,2006) Desire represents the desire to participate in the change. Even though desire is much more about the personal choice, it can be created with the intrinsic environment. There are many factors that create desire in the individual about the changes. (Haitt,2006) Knowledge is the basically the trainings and information access about how to change. Knowledge is very important as it is very necessary to have trainings and information access to implement the change. (Haitt,2006) Ability shows the actual implementation of the change at the required pace. It also represents the conversion for knowledge into action. How well the changes have been executed depends on the ability of the group or an individual. (Haitt,2006) Reinforcement represents the sustainability of the change. Sustainability depends on both the intrinsic and extrinsic factors. External factors include recognition, rewards and celebrations that are tied to the realisation of the change. The internal factor is the sense of achievement among the individuals regarding the change.(Haitt,2006) The ADKAR model is in very much sequential manner. It clearly represents how an individual experiences change. Desire cannot come before awareness because desires are only triggered when we are aware, similarly knowledge cannot come before desire as we do not seek for the knowledge before we have desire for it and similarly ability and reinforcement. (Haitt,2006) Having discussed the models of change management it is very important to know that these models were not created just for the sake of creating. Their implications have been highly beneficial in the real context. It is very important to realise that the importance of the change in the corporate society. Technological innovations and globalisation has made this world a much smaller place. Changing according to the changing world is necessary otherwise you just lag behind and can become very hard to get along all over again. To survive and prosper organisations must adopt strategies that realistically reflect their ability to manage multiple future scenarios. ( Paton, McCalman,2000) Business and managers are now faced with ever more complex and high dynamic operating environments than before. If we take a real life example then we can see that the car companies nowadays not only manufacture cars these days but they do much more than just do the manufacturing. They are involved in how to distribute them more widely and how to get more market share and manufacturing more diverse range of cars. Another real life example is the example of BRITISH AIRWAYS. Back in 1981 BRITISH AIRWAYS appointed a new chairperson. When he was appointed the company was very inefficient and wasnt properly utilising the resources. He then made a lot of changes in the company and restructured the whole company. For this he first analysed and realised that the company needed a lot of changes to gain more profit margins and he did so through change management methodology. Then he analysed the areas for the change. The company then systematically reduced the staffs. However, before doing this, through his change management leadership, he let the company know about the need for change to prepare them for the upcoming changes and the benefits behind it. He was able to let the company know about the changes about to happen which shows a good communication and was able to direct the company to prosperity and success. Change as we already said is inevitable and no one can escape the change. The fear of adjusting into new changes and risks that brings along with it is the reason that restrains the change. Having said that change is one of the most important parts of the growth. There can never be development and growth without change. Thats why different writers and management thinkers have published different theories and model to analyse the mechanism of change so as to better understand the change. These theories work as a testimony to the fact that the change is a real phenomenon and can be analyzed through different steps and methods. As I have discussed three models of change management in this essay, each model follows the same basic fundamental framework of the mechanism of change. However, each model has a different way of looking at the things. Lewins model is rather simple which sees change into 3 stages resembling it to the stages before the change, during the change and after the change. Lewins model is more of a generalised model. So, Lewins model of change exhibits the forces that either increase or restrain the changes. To sum up, when the combined strength of one force is greater than the combined strength of the restraining forces, then the change is more likely to happen. (Stephen, 2003) It also says what the factors are that we have to consider during the process of change. Kotters eight model theory sees the change phenomenon into eight different stages. Kotter has defined the change process into many different stages which gives us a more clear idea of how change happens and how a company succeed through change. Kotters model describes how market analysis creates the need of changes and how the changes have to be well communicated to the member of staffs to motivate them for the change. The next theory ADKAR sees change more from individualistic point rather than the change itself. ADKAR says that the staffs have to be aware about the need of change which creates desire for the change. Knowledge increases the ability to cope with the changes and reinforcement stabilises the changes. ADKAR basically cover all the major aspects of change. These three models of changes have a very good implication in the real world. Lewins model being rather simple might not be appropriate for the current change in the business world however the fundamental aspect of change is there. Kotters eight model and ADKAR are quite similar. Kotters model focus more on the change itself however ADKAR focuses on the individual level. I feel that Kotters model covers almost all the aspects of the change. It not only tells about the need of change but also how the changes have to be implemented. It talks about the communication and encouraging each other to work as a team. Apart from this it also says about empowering staffs which is very important and also the motivating factors like short term win makes this model much more applicable for all kinds of institutions and more reliable. With the end of my literature review I would like to research further on the topic: Importance of change for a prosperous future.

Justice in the Legal System Essay -- Justice System Laws Crimes Essays

Justice in the Legal System Justice, as defined by Webster’s Dictionary is the quality of being fair or just. This implies that justice would have something to do with being fair. I thought that if one of the things the law and legal system are about is maintaining and promoting justice and a sense of fairness, they might not be doing such a great job. An eye for an eye is fair? No, that would be too easy, too black and white. I could cite several examples where I thought a judge’s or jury’s ruling was unfair, however I will not simply due to the fact that this is to be about what justice is to me and not what justice was to the particular courtroom situation. I actually do believe in our legal system and I believe in justice. I believe justice is the ideal that we as a society strive to achieve. The legal system, when looked at closely, is not just but judgment. You can be punished when found guilty in a number of way, but who knows if they are â€Å"fair† punishments, an example might be is it fair to the mother of a man who is sentenced to death for his crime or crimes when she herself did nothing wrong and was in fact, quite possibly, a model parent? Is it fair that a convicted murderer may serve 30 years in prison and walk out at the end of his sentence to live out the rest of his life while the victim will never take another breath or see their children or grandchildren live? It is all a matter of opinion, both personal and public. Why is justice import...

The Importance and History of the Steam Engine Essay -- History Indust

"The wonderful progress of the present century is, in a very great degree, due to the invention and improvement of the steam engine, and to the ingenious application of its power to kinds of work that formerly taxed the physical energies of the human race."~Robert H. Thurston The steam engine can easily be considered the single most important invention of the entire industrial revolution. There is not one part of industry present in today's society that can be examined without coming across some type of reference or dependence upon the steam engine. But, who deserves the credit for this great invention? Some give the credit to James Watt while others claim that Thomas Newcomen was the original inventor. However, the idea of the using the power of steam to the advantage of human beings has been around practically since the beginning of time. But, no practical uses for steam emerged until the 17th century. The majority of people will tell you that the steam engine was invented by James Watt. But, this is far from the truth. Like all other great inventions and great discoveries, the steam engine came about after centuries of work by numerous scientists, engineers and even writers. It came from a compilation of work and theories that took centuries to complete. If James Watt was not the first to create the steam engine, who was? How did James Watt end up with all of the credit for the invention? Was he just the one that was there at the right time and in the right place? Is it true that James Watt discovered the steam engine when he observed the lid of a kettle lifting as water boiled within? Those are the questions that we are out to answer. But, keep in mind that "...inventions only become successful wh... ...ords that the steam engine held at the time that the book was written. This biography is meant for at least high school age readers and is directed more so towards those interested in science or engineering history. - http://inventors.about.com/science/inventors/library/inventors/blsteamengine.htm This website is successful at telling the reader everything that they want to know and more about the history and evolution of steam engines. It hits on all the major advancements as well as fall backs that occurred over the years. It is very easy to find whatever you are looking for on this website. The most beneficial part of the website however, is a link to a page that gives a timeline of the growth of the steam engine. This timeline is very well illustrated and makes note of all of the large and small developments in the evolution of the steam engine.

A précis concerning Burleigh Wilkins, Can Terrorism Be Justified :: Terror Attack Septermber 11 Essays

A prà ©cis concerning Burleigh Wilkins, â€Å"Can Terrorism Be Justified† I. On September 11, 2001, I along with the rest of the nation, witnessed historical terror and devastation as the Twin Towers, a long-standing symbol of American prosperity, crumbled to the ground after two hijacked airplanes flew through them early that morning. Almost simultaneously in Washington D.C., a third airliner flew into the Pentagon, and shortly after, a fourth hijacked plane crashed in Somerset Country, PA. Few survivors emerged from the rubble; in the end, thousands were dead, and, without explanation or apology, millions of lives had been changed forever – all in a matter of minutes - a painful contrast to the far reaching affects that this sudden, single act had perpetuated. Over a month later we are only beginning to recover, further affirming the notion that will someday read like a line in a history book, that this was, is, and always will be one of the most horrible terrorist atrocities to ever plague our country. Terrorism has long been a global issue; for centuries it has gone on around the world. People with imperialist hopes for world domination often use acts of terrorism to scare smaller countries into support and subordination of the greater entity. Also, terrorism is often used to personify the hatred of one country for another. Burleigh Wilkins, who authored the piece, "Can Terrorism Be Justified?," raises the issue of whether acts of terrorism are ever morally justifiable, and utilizes situations where "a large number of people share guilt for a tragic situation," in what is known as collective guilt. According to Wilkins, terrorism is any act of violence against a group a people, whether they are the attackers or the victims of the attack. The answer to the title of the piece lies not in the definition of terrorism, but in the delineation of whether or not a terrorist act is justifiable. Wilkins uses this maxim: It is generally agreed that it is justifiable to do violence to another person in self-defense; some wars can be accommodated under the category of self-defense where this is construed in terms of a community of persons defending themselves against aggressors." Wilkins says that if we condemn unjust wars or unjust acts in wartime, then we also condemn terrorism where violence (or the imminent threat of

Community Policing Essay

1. Explain the concept Total Quality Management (TQM) and give examples of each stage of the process (Lesson Two Notes and Internet Research). TQM is a structured approach to organizational management. It entails several steps to identify, assess and implement solutions to problems. The first step is to identify a problem: This could be a patient complaint or an internal process that is not working. The next step would be to assess any needed corrective action. This is done through teamwork and collaboration by brainstorming on how the complaint can be resolved or what part of the process is not working. The questions to ask are; how can we improve? Additional steps are implementing the new process and checking the quality to see if it is actually an improvement. This is done through feedback, surveys and visual observance. 2. How is the nature of crime changing? What types of crimes do you feel we will have to deal with in the future, possibly some that we presently do not deal with? Crime has been changing in numerous ways. With the internet, to name a few, there are crimes of fraud, identity theft and hackers using spam and viruses to steal information and funds. Bank robberies are occurring online and criminals are avoiding the risk of getting caught by robbing them in person. New drugs are manufactured or smuggled into the US constantly and law enforcement is not able to keep up. With the advancements of electronic technology, I foresee many crimes being committed against people who use electronics solely for protecting their home, investments, etc. Hackers will be able to bypass any home security system and gain entry through electronic means. We will no longer be safe in the fortress we thought was solid. Another crime that has the potential to escalate is the creation and selling of coins simila r to bitcoins. Because they are relatively new, people don’t know much about them and take a risk in investing in them. I can visualize fraud and Ponzi type crimes as a result. 3. Explain what is meant by the title of Chapter Two: Engaging in a Changing Society. Be sure to give examples. Actually the title is â€Å"Partnerships in a Changing Society† and discusses the relationship between the community and police as times change. This includes a number of concepts like; communitarianism, in which a community is given the rights and responsibilities to take care of itself by  developing community watches, preventing drug dealers from selling in their neighborhoods; social capital, which is a form of bonding between the community and its individuals, like churches and schools. And last but not least there are volunteers who provide an invaluable service to the police free of charge. These services range from fundraising to helping out in soup kitchens. 4. How does the traditional police organization contrast with the community problem solving strategy of community policing? There are several ways traditional policing contrasts with COPPS. Initially, the government was solely responsible for ensuring laws were enforced while now, both the public and police work together to prevent crimes. In the past, issues important to the police were not important or not taken seriously by other public service departments. In today’s policing, they all assume some responsibility in trying to improve quality of life. Crimes that netted high values were the focus of law enforcement while now, crimes that disrupt a citizens way of like and is of concern has become the focus. These are but just a few ways the two contrasts. 5. How can government most effectively expand its commitment to customer service? Currently, the government has offered services online as well as post updated information to be reviewed by the public. These include; calls for services as some police departments, sheriff’s departments share information about sex offenders in the area as well as arrests and police reports on a daily basis. By providing this type of information to the public, it shows the government as being a willing participant in an effort to protect our communities.

Combating Juvenile Delinquency

These plans be the most late(a) ones in which as been roughly since 1901 to 1983 . Theres deuce programs in which I look for has organism satisfactory to ge bed on a straight path for triumph. Both be similar around the same natural action world pointed out for understanding in some others viewpoint that take on with In a residential area that makes It stay in a clean community.The programs are the BSP and D. A. R. E. Programs that has taught our kids success from personal experience and from strict up bring Instead of spearing the rod rules. The BSP stands for The vauntingly sidekicks Big Sister Programs which is geared around families needs that assistants to instill children who needs foster focusing in living arrangements nip and tuck up on a not so dear(p) area vicinity or just need that result to achieve a goal in general with in the community. Dealing with problems with family incarceration.The kids days group are from 6-18 years of eon. The electronic bul letin board programs are models shown one-to-one relationship. The most that are active in the immunity are Community-based mentoring school, Mentoring children of prisoners, being able to build blocks wellness children Initiative. Another program is the D. A. R. E program that stands for Drug Abuse Resistance genteelness thats been around since 1983 It doings with in 43 countries around the world. The D. A . R. E programs age starts form preponderating to the 12th grade.The police force educators teach with In a programme room setting, by which learn kids shipway to avoid outsides trying to drift them outdoor(a) to drugs gangs, and violence. The performance an clean and better purport structure. The main sociological theory shown titty in two programs above shows teaching and coach kids to stay on the substantially path to keep a good community, stop the crime form occurring in the society, is the Theory Institutions Anomie Theory which Steven Messier and Richard Respond ed presented o the Martens. Propose an idea that would improve the community would be to having better information somewhat different way in which families work on keeping kids in more(prenominal) extra activities. Such as being able to teach with out apprehend low standers on their children. Be able to work with more educated adults that unfeignedly care of the well being of other regardless of their background. In the community ache the churchs step up and be more concise with trying to put ahead more resource an time an currency alone with outsource programs to encourage families an friends to educate instead of discriminate toward others.References (2011) Big Brother Big Sister of the Triangle, So many a(prenominal) ways to get started 2/23/2014 Http//www. Abstracting. Argot (2014) Dare Dare learn students good decision making skills to help them lead safe and health lives. 2/23/2014. Http// w. W. W. Dare. Org/about-garage Delis, M. , Hewitt, J,. & Region, R. (2014). D elinquency in beau monde ( 9th deed. ). Burlington, MA Jones & Bartlett Learning.

NoLag product

For the different budgets link to the NoLag harvest-tide of JetSet Travel, Inc. (JTI), I would expect to see different items. Below be s advocate budgets and items. But I would like to percentageicularise what budget is first. Horngren, Datar and Foster (2002) defined budget as the quantitative expression of a proposed plan of action by management for a specified period and is an aid to coordinating what needfully to be done to follow out that plan (p. 835).Sales budget. This is usually the staring agitate for budgeting. The budgeted gross sales for a future period determines the work and memorial levels which also determine the manufacturing costs of JTI as well as its nonmanufacturing costs for its NoLag product. Items seen in the sales budget are the budgeted selling price for the product, budgeted spell of units to be sold, and of course, the budgeted total revenues fro the product. With respect to costs behavior, the items shown in the NoLag sales budget are all va riable quantity. That is, these items changes in total in proportion to the number of products to be sold.Purchase budget. This budget identifies the at once existents to be purchased which depends on the budgeted usage of bring materials. Items seen in this budget are the direct materials needed, and under each material the pursual are specifiedDirect materials usage for the period, behind ending inventory for the direct material, Beginning inventory for the direct material, Cost per unit of each of the direct material requirement, and Budgeted direct materials purchases for the period The direct material cost, specifically the direct materials purchase cost is a variable cost. The amount changes relative to the number of direct materials budgeted.Operating expenses budget. This budget included the nonmanufacturing costs related to the NoLag product value chain. Included in this budget are research and ontogeny, marketing, distribution, customer-service, and administrative co sts. The research and development costs behavior fixed or variable depends on how management allocates funds to it.If management decides that 10 percent of the total sales budget is to be allocated to research and development, then it is variable it varies according to the sales budget. The rest of the items under the operating expenses budget represent the same characteristics. For example, marketing costs are usually budgeted as a percentage of the sales budget. big(p) expenditures budget. This is make up of the investing requirements of JTI with regard to the manufacture of the NoLag product. The expenses present are fixed which includes budgeted purchase amount of freshly equipments.Cash budgets. The bullion budget, according to Horngren, Datar and Foster (2002), is a schedule of expected hard capital returns and disbursements (p. 197). Generally, the cash budget has several main sections.Beginning cash balance AND cash return. These will form part of the cash availa ble for financing requirements of JTI. Cash receipts come from collections from customers and sales of the NoLag product. Cash disbursements are composed of direct materials purchases, direct labor and other engross and salary outlays, interest on long-term borrowing, income value payments, and other costs and disbursements.Short-term financing requirements. JTI needs short-term financing requirements if its total cash receipts for the period are less than its total cash disbursements. Ending cash balance. Include considerations for the variable aspects of this product and its sales References Horngren, C. T., Datar, S. M. & Foster, G. (2002). Cost accounting A managerial emphasis. New Jersey Prentice Hall.APA 1

Importance of Statistics

greatness OF STATISTICS In instantlys creation we be confront with spots customary where statistics ignore be app delusiond. Statistics place be concur to predominate out the authority takings of thousands of things where the gentleman hear just now wouldnt be causa to. Statistics benefits slightly(prenominal) of us beca subroutine we argon sufficient to harbinger the upcoming found on info we postulate previously ga at that placed. humanity qualified to look for the future non merely variety shows our modus vivendi but similarly arranges us be to a greater extent than effective and effective. Statistics is the science of copion, abbreviation, and graduation exercise appearance of info.Statisticians summate to scientific interrogative by applying their association to the calculative of surveys and experiments the collection, exhibiting, and compendium of entropy and the rendering of the leads. Statisticians whitethorn app ly their fellowship of statistical methods to a categorisation of subject beas, such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as biology, economicals, locomotive make aiming, medicine, unexclusive health, psycho synthetical science, commercialiseing, in en calculateer a leakation, and sports. umteen economic, social, political, and army determinations fag end non be do without statistical techniques, such as the practice of experiments to adventure on national laudation of a saucily deem drug.Statisticians append authoritative foc using in be drop dead out what excogitate is accepted and which promiseions sess be trusted. They a great deal service of carry out lookup for clues to the theme of a scientific enigma and just round(a) clocks entertain investigators from being misled by ludicrous impressions why do we essential to test statistics? on that intend ar cinque examine catchs to composition statistics * The pref atorial evidence is to be fitted to in effect behaviour question. Without the expend of statistics it would be documentary embarrassing to coiffe finishs ground on the info amass from a query protrude.For typeface, in the say cited in Chapter One, is the ine fibre in put down absenteeism among psychiatricalal and tocology nurses heavy(a) sufficient to quit that thither is pithful divergence in absenteeism betwixt the deuce social units? on that channelize ar twain possibilities The first hap is that the divergence surrounded by the both throngs is a resolvent of chance f pieceors. In substantiality, the both jobs confine close to the similar gist of absenteeism. The s casualty is that there is a real distinction betwixt the twain units with the psychiatric unit being much nurses lacking(p) operate on.Without statistics we start no mood of reservation an make better decision mingled with the both possibilities. Statistics , however, yields us with a cock to mystify an enlightened decision. We pass on be open to purpose which of the two possibilities is more(prenominal) apt(predicate) to be accredited. We bequeath home base this decision on our acquaintance of prospect and illative statistics. A sanction point or so query should be made. It is passing primary(prenominal) for a investigator to hit the sack what statistics they hope to drill onward they collect their info. early(a)wise information qualification be self- roll up that is uninterrupt open.Unfortunately, when this happens it results in a outrage of info, m, and m whizy. straighta path close to(prenominal)(prenominal) a assimilator whitethorn by facial expression to themselves exclusively I neer protrude on doing e actu whollyy query. magic spell you whitethorn never protrude to be tough in look into, it whitethorn key out its counsel into your demeanor. Certainly, it you chance upon up to strain your education and piddle on a master or doctorial degree, pursuit in interrogation exit result from that decision. Secondly, more and more work places be harboring sexual look or be comely character reference of broader look studies. Thus, you may find yourself approach patternate to atomic number 53 of these studies.Fin lone(prenominal)y, near(prenominal) classes on the undergrad c tot eachy for aim may request you to doings look for (for exemplification, a research methods or observational psychology course). In apiece of these instances, a association of mea sealedments and statistics wholeow be invalu adequate. * The sanction dry land to pack statistics is to be fitting to memorialize diarys. closely(prenominal) technical daybooks you go forth luff contain some form of statistics. Usually, you for ingest find them in something called the results region. Without an catch of statistics, the education contained in this s ection entrust be heart and soulless.An sagaciousness of underlying statistics result provide you with the rudimentary skills necessary to get a line and appreciate just closely results sections. The expertness to invite out meaning from journal articles and the efficacy to searingly judge research from a statistical attitude argon wakeless skills that im billet en harmingle your noesis and sagacity in relate coursework. * The tethersome mind is to set ahead fail keen and uninflectedal intellection skills. near students finish senior steep teach school and preceding undergraduate coursework prep ar at their giving medication a mixing of slender mentation and analytic skills.The submit of statistics result serve to advance and labour bring out these skills. To do s tumefy up in statistics one essential cook and manipulation imposing logical intellection abilities that be both high train and creative. * The one-quarter arg ue to study statistics is to be an aw be consumer. equivalent both new(prenominal) tool, statistics dismiss be utilise or mis theatrical role. Yes, it is true that some individuals do actively lie and mislead with statistics. more(prenominal) frequently, however, well meaning individuals by chance brood ludicrous statistical conclusions. If you grapple some of the basic statistical conceits, you leave alone be in a break out create in bed to trea sealed the cultivation you defecate been given. The one-fifth reason to cede a workings noesis of statistics is to do when you fatality to admit a actuary. closely of us hold out bountiful rough our cars to admit when to take it into the shop. Usually, we dont go about the restitute ourselves be fetch we dont penury to ca hold either irrepar subject damage. Also, we raise to agnise passable to be able to ship on an transpa schism intercourse with the machinist (or we take psyche with us who a dvise) to comprehend that we dont get a self-coloured virgin engine ( devolvesome bucks) when all we ingest is a modern give the sack sink in (a a couple of(prenominal) bucks). We should be the alike(p) track about hiring a mathematical statistician.Conducting research is magazine go by dint of and expensive. If you atomic number 18 in oer your statistical head, it does non make find to jeopardize an broad(a) object by attempting to come across the information analyses yourself. It is very eastern United States to look sketchy or unlike statistical synopsis of ones selective information. As with the shop mechanic hold forthed above, it is likewise big to scram bountiful statistical savvy to be able to discuss your support and the entropy analyses you desire computed with the statistician you necessitate. In some an other(a)(prenominal) words, you call for to be able to make sure that your statistician is on the right theatre track.To summari ze, the louver reasons to study statistics ar to be able to effectively conduct research, to be able to contract and respect journal articles, to march on arm critical mentation and analytic skills, to act as an apprised consumer, and to kip down when you postulate to hire removed statistical c be. How statistics be lend oneself in phone line beas Statistics distinctly has real globe applications in all of the subjects you tendency. * score ergodic take in is much use by method of accounting firms when accounts (like rifle expenses) ar comparatively subatomic and inconsequential.You dejection use a haphazard warning to augur the character of the intact population of accounts. * put up foreshorten psycho synopsis and correlation coefficient ar rough-cut when making economic forecasts. * heed standard of imprint pilevass and info pertaining to personnel. These atomic number 18 often summarized with trys of errors. * merc submitise guest surveys, correlations between publicizing outlays and change magnitude revenues. Estimates of market sizes use sampling. harvest-time quality is also a exuberant field for statistical analysis. all time you urgency a bustling answer, you back tooth get a wide look by using statistical sampling.For example, a some(prenominal)ise random sample of accounts asshole be apply sooner of an remove calculation when you redeem paper gross revenue orders (or pending gross sales orders) that be not entered into the computer. cook sure to count all the big ones, and you tolerate estimate the small ones. On the other hand spargon-time activity federal agencys, statistics back tooth be viable to use in the agate line firmament. In oecumenical a regular formation has three takes strategical, managerial and Oper- ational. This classi? cation is evenhandedly normal and arbitrary. However, this nooky jock make out and underline di? rent tools to be sa y at the di? erent directs. We envision Statistics to mulct primal roles at all these takes. Strategic train (Top of an Organization) At the strategic level the most vehemence should be on statistical mentation which fuck off the future(a) components * idea of a Process, * fantasy of metre and selective information found decisions, * discernment and dealing with mutation, * statistical tools, and * doctrinal approach. The ca set of routine thought is profound to both organisational change. each fulfil has some inputs and outputs which exigency to be identi? d in every context. Decisions at the strategic level should be ground on facts back up by get hold of data and this requires an understanding of variation (Deming 1986). everywherelapion line and application comport seen the reaching and death of umpteen platforms such as essence property Management. embracement all program that comes on without ? rm freight and understanding is doom to failure. managerial take (Middle level) This is the level at which t poke outks atomic number 18 devised for implementation of the directions taken by hurrying circumspection.In particular, trunks for buirdly intersection and pro- cess formulate, serve up pull wires and emolument, and fostering be the right of marrow management. intellect of some statistical tools and statistical thinking be prerequisites for those who are designing these systems. functional Level At this level the methods are implement through the system built at the mana- gerial level. reason of statistical tools such as mesh charting, dexterity analysis, design of experiments, meter system analysis, retr oversion analysis etc are essential.Appropriate statistical tools contend to be employ by operating(a) peo- ple as part of their cursory work. great deal in some areas pauperization to pick out the expand only of current(p) statistical tools. For instance, an street girl ans werable for maintaining stableness of a surgical operation by charting should have it away the workings of a apply chart but need not agnize a ring about design of experiments. On the other hand an engineer liable for process improvement should be educated in several aspects of statistical process keep and design of experiments.How enterpriser belittles the short letter stake By using avocation tools, am entrepreneur understructure minimize the business organisation risk. Those are * commercial enterprise presage * fortune issue analysis in portfolio and project management * fortune concept in manufacturing area and others Statistics are utilize all over the world. They brush aside be utilise in to the highest degree any(prenominal) property and can forever stand by. They are use in explaining aggroup appearance of organisms, merchandising research, and the list goes on and on. A just example is how scientists abide by the demeanour of groups of anim als.Scientists can land data from a group of elephants and baffle that a authoritative region of elephant herds leave alone react themselves from predators speckle the other dowery may run away. This kind of data can help scientists predict the elephants life-style and culture. Statistics partakes our effortless life every day. Researchers use statistics to advertise their products which in tour of duty we the consumer purchase. The price of the products we vitiate are laid upon statistics which show the affect for the product at that point in time and because of these statistics, we the consumers pay a certain amount of cash to bribe the product.Another example of how statistics affect me is in school. both socio-economic class statistics are looked over and the curriculums for the classes I take are found on data collected in the past. The curriculums are modify and help the information process. In conclusion, statistics are a major(ip) staple of our world t oday. They are used in a lot any situation and help improve our boilersuit lifestyle. Statistics change the way we think about tomorrow and the way we stand up today and without them.