Informative Essay Islamic State Of Iraq And Levant

Informative Essay on Islamic State Introduction Islamic state of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) also rendered as Islamic state of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), also known as the Arabic phrase Da’esh and self-described as Islamic State was formed in April 2003 but was established in 2006, growing out of al- Qaeda in Iraq. It has since been abjured by al- Qaeda. Isis has a treasury of 2 billion making it the richest terrorist organization also it has become one of the main jihadist groups fighting government forces in Syria and Iraq because of it vast amount of fighters estimated from 7,000-12,000 with 3,000-5,000 being foreign fighters. The leader of ISIS is Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. Not many people know about but it is believed that he was born north of Baghdad, in 1971 and joined the armed rebellion against the US that erupted in Iraq soon after the 2003 US-led invasion. Who leads ISIS? Once a talented footballer in his local mosque Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi is now the most wanted jihadist leader, head of Isis, is now deemed one of the most powerful jihadist leaders in the world. He took over as leader of Al-Qaeda in Iraq in 2010 after its former leaders Abu Musab al-Zarqawi who died in a 2006 US led airstrike and Abu Omar al-Baghdadi was killed in a 2010 attack by US and Iraqi troops. He declares himself as the â€Å"caliph† of Islam meaning an Islamic state led by a supreme religious and political leader and the ruler of 1.3 billion Muslims. Al – Baghdadi spent many of his formative years

Young Modulus Experiment Free Essays

Experiment 1: Young Modulus Title:Bending of beam and coefficient of elasticity. Objective: To study the relationship between load, span, width, height and deflection of a beam, places on two bearers and affected by a concentrated load at the centre. :To ascertain the coefficient of elasticity for aluminium, brass and steel. We will write a custom essay sample on Young Modulus Experiment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Results: Measurement of test specimen (a) For beam material – Steel | Length, L (mm)| Thickness, h (mm)| Width, b (mm)| 1st reading| 650| 3. 15| 18. 97| 2nd reading| 650| 3. 11| 19. 03| 3rd reading| 650| 3. 12| 18. 97| Average reading| 650| 3. 13| 18. 99| (b) For beam material – Aluminium Length, L (mm)| Thickness, h (mm)| Width, b (mm)| 1st reading| 650| 3. 25| 19. 15| 2nd reading| 650| 3. 21| 19. 23| 3rd reading| 650| 3. 21| 19. 18| Average reading| 650| 3. 22| 19. 19| (c) For beam material – Brass | Length, L (mm)| Thickness, h (mm)| Width, b (mm)| 1st reading| 650| 3. 31| 19. 05| 2nd reading| 650| 3. 34| 19. 20| 3rd reading| 650| 3. 35| 19. 09| Average reading| 650| 3. 33| 19. 11| Two simple supports end. (a) Deflection of test specimen [ Beam material-Steel ] Mass(gram)| Load (N)| Deflection #1 (mm)| Deflection #2 (mm)| Deflection #3 (mm)| Average Deflection (mm)| 100| 0. 981| 0. 5| 0. 45| 0. 48| 0. 43| 200| 1. 96| 0. 85| 0. 88| 0. 85| 0. 86| 300| 2. 94| 1. 30| 1. 32| 1. 38| 1. 33| 400| 3. 92| 1. 74| 1. 80| 1. 81| 1. 78| 500| 4. 91| 2. 20| 2. 24| 2. 25| 2. 23| (b) Deflection of test specimen [ Beam material-Aluminium ] Mass(gram)| Load (N)| Deflection #1 (mm)| Deflection #2 (mm)| Deflection #3 (mm)| Average Deflection (mm)| 100| 0. 981| 1. 18| 1. 15| 1. 16| 1. 16| 200| 1. 96| 2. 43| 2. 54| 2. 40| 2. 46| 300| 2. 94| 3. 72| 3. 67| 3. 72| 3. 70| 400| 3. 92| 4. 98| 5. 08| 5. 10| 5. 05| 500| 4. 91| 6. 07| 6. 20| 6. 15| 6. 14| (c) Deflection of test specimen [ Beam material- Brass ] Mass(gram)| Load (N)| Deflection #1 (mm)| Deflection #2 (mm)| Deflection #3 (mm)| Average Deflection (mm)| 100| 0. 981| 1. 02| 0. 97| 0. 90| 0. 96| 200| 1. 96| 1. 80| 1. 78| 1. 74| 1. 77| 300| 2. 94| 2. 67| 2. 78| 2. 66| 2. 70| 400| 3. 92| 3. 49| 3. 57| 3. 52| 3. 53| 500| 4. 91| 4. 37| 4. 41| 4. 37| 4. 41| One fixed end and one simple support end. (a) Deflection of test specimen [ Beam material-Steel ] Mass(gram)| Load (N)| Deflection #1 (mm)| Deflection #2 (mm)| Deflection #3 (mm)| Average Deflection (mm)| 100| 0. 981| 0. 26| 0. 23| 0. 27| 0. 25| 200| 1. 96| 0. 48| 0. 45| 0. 47| 0. 47| 300| 2. 94| 0. 69| 0. 70| 0. 70| 0. 0| 400| 3. 92| 0. 97| 0. 88| 0. 88| 0. 89| 500| 4. 91| 1. 15| 1. 12| 1. 12| 1. 13| (b) Deflection of test specimen [ Beam material-Aluminium ] Mass(gram)| Load (N)| Deflection #1 (mm)| Deflection #2 (mm)| Deflection #3 (mm)| Average Deflection (mm)| 100| 0. 981| 0. 60| 0. 67| 0. 69| 0. 65| 200| 1. 96| 1. 28| 1. 19| 1. 20| 1. 22| 300| 2. 94| 1. 80| 1. 80| 1. 82| 1. 81| 400| 3. 92| 2. 37| 2. 43| 2. 45| 2. 42| 500| 4. 91| 2. 97| 2. 98| 3. 01| 2. 99| (c) Deflection of test specimen [ Beam material-Brass ] Mass(gram)| Load (N)| Deflection #1 (mm)| Deflection #2 (mm)| Deflection #3 (mm)| Average Deflection (mm)| 100| 0. 81| 0. 47| 0. 42| 0. 48| 0. 46| 200| 1. 96| 0. 90| 0. 86| 0. 86| 0. 87| 300| 2. 94| 1. 30| 1. 28| 1. 30| 1. 29| 400| 3. 92| 1. 73| 1. 70| 1. 71| 1. 71| 500| 4. 91| 2. 14| 2. 14| 2. 13| 2. 14| Calculations: * Two simple supports end To calculate the moment of inertia : I = bh312 I = Moment of Inertia ( m4 ) b = Width of beam ( m ) h = Thickness of beam ( m ) To determine the beam Young modulus : E = F? (L348I) E = Young modulus ( Pa ) F = Force/load applied ( N ) ? = Deflection ( m ) L = Beam length ( m ) I = Moment of Inertia ( m4 ) F? = Slope of graph line deflection versus force ( N m-1 ) Beam material – Steel I = bh312 = 18. 99 ? 10-33. 13 ? 10-33 12 = 4. 853? 10 -11m4 E = F? (L348I) = 4. 9-0. 980. 00223-0. 00043(600? 10-3)3484. 853? 10-11 = 3. 920. 00180. 2162. 329 ? 10-9 = 201. 94 GPa Beam material – Aluminium I = bh312 = 19. 19 ? 10-33. 22 ? 10-3312 = 5. 339? 10 -11m4 E = F? (L348I) = 4. 9-0. 980. 00614-0. 00116(600? 10-3)3485. 339? 10-11 = 3. 920. 004980. 2162. 563 ? 10-9 = 66. 35 GPa Beam material – Brass I = bh312 = 19. 11 ? 10-33. 33 ? 10-3312 = 5. 880? 10 -11m4 E = F? (L348I) = 1. 962-0. 9810. 00177-0. 00096(600? 10-3)3485. 880? 10-11 = 0. 9810. 000810. 2162. 822 ? 0-9 = 92. 69GPa * One fixed end and one simple support end I = bh312 I = Moment of Inertia ( m4 ) b = Width of beam ( m ) h = Thickness of beam ( m ) E = F? (3. 5L3384I) E = Young modulus ( Pa ) F = Force/load applied ( N ) ? = Deflection ( m ) L = Beam length ( m ) I = Moment of Inertia ( m4 ) F ? = Slope of graph line deflection versus force ( N m-1 ) Beam material – S teel I = bh312 = 18. 99? 10-33. 13? 10-3312 = 4. 853? 10 -11m4 E = F? (3. 5L3384I) = 4. 91-0. 9810. 00113-0. 000253. 5(600? 10-3)33844. 853? 10-11 = 3. 9290. 000880. 7561. 86 ? 10-8 = 181. 47 GPa Beam material – Aluminium I = bh312 = 19. 19? 10-33. 22? 10-3312 = 5. 339? 10 -11m4 E = F? (3. 5L3384I) = 4. 91-0. 9810. 00299-0. 000653. 5(600? 10-3)33845. 339? 10-11 = 3. 9290. 002340. 7562. 05 ? 10-8 = 61. 92 GPa Beam material – Brass I = bh312 = 19. 11? 10-33. 33? 10-3312 = 5. 880? 10 -11m4 E = F? (3. 5L3384I) = 4. 905-0. 9810. 00214-0. 000463. 5(600? 10-3)33845. 880? 10-11 = 3. 9240. 001680. 7562. 26 ? 10-8 = 78. 13GPa Theoretical value for young modulus of Steel = 200GPa Theoretical value for young modulus of Aluminium = 69GPa Theoretical value for young modulus of Brasses = 100-125GPa Discussion : Based on the results, the experimental young modulus for Steel is 201. 94 GPa by using two simple supports end. Besides that, the experimental young modulus for Aluminium is 66. 35 GPa and for Brass is 92. 69 GPa. On the other hand, when the test is carried out by using one fixed end and one simple support end, the experimental young modulus for Steel is 181. 47 GPa, Aluminium is 66. 35 GPa and Brass is 92. 69 GPa. Based on the results from the both method, the coefficient of elasticity for Aluminium is the highest among Steel and Brass as it has the lowest value of young modulus. By comparing with the theoretical young modulus for Steel, Aluminium and Brass, the experimental young modulus for specimen by using two simple supports end is more accurate than using one fixed end and one simple support end. This is because when the beam is tighten only at one side, it will causes the beam to deflect unequally at both side. Thus, the dial gauge readings recorded will be inaccurate. There are some factors that may affect the experimental results to be inaccurate when this experiment is carried out. One of the factors that lead to inaccurate results is because of the atmosphere around the laboratory. The strong air from the air-conditioner will cause the load to be unstable and shaking when the reading is taken. Thus, the readings in the dial gauge will be changing as the load is moving. Besides that, misalignment error will also affect the experimental results to be inaccurate. The dial gauge is not placed to the center of the test specimen. This is important because the deflection of a beam placed on two bearers will be affected by a concentrated load at the centre. Moreover, parallax error may be occur when adjusting the height of the gauge so that the needle touched the test specimen. This error occurs because different people have different viewing of the measurement at an angle. Furthermore, the dial gauge must be set to 0. 00mm every time the load hanger is mount on the center of the test specimen. This steps need to be done before the readings is taken so that the results will not be interfere by the previous experimental results. The readings by the dial gauge must be taken when it is already fixed and stabilize. Therefore, softly tap on the dial gauge until the reading did not change to ensure that the load had already stabilize before the dial gauge reading is recorded. Conclusion : When the width and the height of the beam increases, the moment of inertia calculated will increase. Besides that, when the load and span increases, the deflection of a beam will also increases. This shows that the load and span is directly perpendicular to the deflection of a beam. Based on the results from both method, the coefficient of elasticity is increasing from steel, brass and aluminium. How to cite Young Modulus Experiment, Papers

BRIC Simply Implies the Combination of Few Countries

Question: Discuss about the Portfolio. Answer: Introduction: Literature Review BRIC simply implies the combination of few countries, which are Russia, China, Brazil and India. The future economy of the entire world depends on the development of these four countries (Stuenkel 2014). All the four countries have huge population and they are craving for growth, which has already started to reorganize the entire global commerce. They have young peoples who are concentrated in main cities and can impel this growth into a positive direction. However, the growing aspects of the start-ups and middle class are down in these BRIC countries. The domestic concern must be improved to provide growth in long term, strengths of investment and complement their exports. The average earning of the 800 million residents in the BRIC countries should have exceeded $ 3000 by the end of 2016. This should have effect on many industries like mobile phone, automobile, computers and many more. If income rises then it will also result in increased number of individuals having high net worth (Keukeleire and Hooijmaaijers 2014). Another factor is required to consider for supporting the market is profitability of the corporate. Profits of the corporate in BRIC countries has been consistently high during the past decade which was due to perfect corporate restructuring, reducing the level of borrowing and improving the corporate governance quality. In future if the recent problems in the credit market dont affect the growth of entire world in a very noteworthy manner then it is believed that the growth of Brazil will not be hampered significantly even though there is short term volatility in the market. In the mean time, Indias stock market has been able to reach highest levels (Cowan et al. 2014). It was expected that GDP of India and the earning of its corporate would slow down as its enters 2016 as various monetary and fiscal policy initiatives will be made to keep the inflation level under control. However, if long-term view is taken then Indian market will be slightly volatile during short term. The equity valuation of Chinese has shown upwards movements recently. However, higher valuation is expected seeing the growth of earnings in China (Frank 2013). The mergers, currency appreciation, acquisition and implementation of various plans for management incentive together with tax planning have been able to support Chinese in itiatives. The negative factor for China is its increasing trade surplus with Europe and china. Russia has suffered in the middle of the year due to turmoil in the market and no good performance in the beginning of the year to boost its value (Brtsch and Papa 2013). Therefore, most of the Russian stock has been valued at a moderate rate like shares of Lukoil and Gazprom was valued relatively low even when both of the companies have higher long-term valuation of oil than Petrobras, a Brazilian company. The key factor of Russia is the prices of oil and is unlikely to collapse but for some stock market has been trading at an average level. Forecast of the GDP of the counties of BRIC during the year 2009 to 2015 was roughly US $ 19.2 turn with an export of US $ 5.4 trn, which helps in boosting the domestic growth and creation of a new customer generation. There was a time when the growth rate of US and Europe was slowing down then BRIC countries provided massive growth opportunity for companies to penetrate the virgin markets at a large scale (Frank 2013). The growth of Chinese and Indian economy have been boosted by export and investment in manufacturing products which is largely different from the full of resource Russia and to some extent to Brazil. Therefore, any approach to exploit the BRIC growth must be accounted for in assessing the risk faced by these countries like risks in the stability of oil price (Cowan et al. 2014).. Financial market immaturity and pressure of inflation in china is also to be analyzed by the researcher. References Brtsch, C. and Papa, M., 2013. Deconstructing the BRICS: Bargaining Coalition, Imagined Community, or Geopolitical Fad?.The Chinese Journal of International Politics, p.pot009. Cowan, W.N., Chang, T., Inglesi-Lotz, R. and Gupta, R., 2014. The nexus of electricity consumption, economic growth and CO 2 emissions in the BRICS countries.Energy Policy,66, pp.359-368. Frank, W.P., 2013. International Business Challenge: Does Adding South Africa Finally Make the BRIC Countries Relevant?.Journal of International Business Research,12(1), p.1. Keukeleire, S. and Hooijmaaijers, B., 2014. The BRICS and Other Emerging Power Alliances and Multilateral Organizations in the Asia Pacific and the Global South: Challenges for the European Union and Its View on Multilateralism.JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies,52(3), pp.582-599. Stuenkel, O., 2013. The financial crisis, contested legitimacy, and the genesis of intra-BRICS cooperation.Global Governance,19(4), pp.611-630.

Parents and Youth Sports free essay sample

On a gorgeous, sunny, Sunday afternoon a mother and father walk their son to the field for his soccer game. All the while smiling, and encouraging their son to have â€Å"FUN†. The soccer game begins and so does the yelling. â€Å"Move faster son†, â€Å"You should have gotten that ball†, â€Å"Can’t you run faster than that? †, â€Å"That was such a stupid move†, â€Å"Don’t be so dumb†. Things only get worse. The name calling, the arm grabbing start, then the yelling at the other parents and coaches begins. Louder and louder, finally things escalate to the point of being asked to leave the soccer game. Who would have thought that a  7 year olds  soccer game could change this supportive family into the â€Å"Wild  Parent Beast†. Youth sports seem to invite parents to try to live vicariously through their children. Not only do the children suffer, but those who volunteer (i. e. , coaches, team mom and other parents)  do  too. The  majority of parents sit quietly, supporting their team, cheering only when appropriate. There are minorities that are trying desperately to live their childhood sports fantasies through their son or daughter. A father whose son was on the  Dodgers,  a Little League baseball team, came up to a volunteer coach and exclaimed his  4 year old  son is a switch hitter and that the coach needs to work with his son to develop this skill. The father expressed that â€Å"My son will play Pro-Ball when he is older†. The dream to be a professional baseball player was that of the father, not that of the son. This parent crossed the line between caring and living Kumar 2 the child’s life for him. This child, when he reaches adulthood, will have  boundary issues and not have a clear sense of self. What will he like will be a problem for this boy when grown. Not only does an out of control parent affect the children, but it also affects those who are volunteering to coach the team and all of the other parents. Recently, in little league baseball, an angry parent hit another parent. He punched him so hard in the head that it sent the man to the hospital. The reason for the fight was over the son’s playing time. The boy that’s father was sent to the hospital, had the advantage of playing more than the boy who’s dad hit him, but was it truly worth going to the hospital? The fear of having aggressive and out of control parents is not far from a reality in most neighborhoods. Having an aggressive parent on the team is a  real deterrent to coach, and leaves all of the other parents to be on edge. The Forest Hills little  league  has implemented a policy which lets teams acquire points for the player’s parents/teams cheering section. The referee distributes the points after the game has finished. He also takes points away for yelling at the children and any negative connotation. The team with the most points at the end of the season gets to have a pizza party that includes the parents. Their  exemplary behavior sets the example for all other teams. There have been several teams that have been kicked out of FHLL for bad parent behavior. Not all youth sporting events have to end with a tragedy. There are beautiful, sunny Saturday afternoons that involve no yelling and are very positive and fun experiences. Millions of Kumar 3 children actually dream of becoming professional athletes and some actually do accomplish their dream. The days of hot tempers and trying to live vicariously through your children are over! If parents can learn to check their emotional baggage at the door, for their children’s sake, and learn to watch their children play, the life of a child would mean so much  more.

The Pros of Apec Essays

The Pros of Apec Essays The Pros of Apec Essay The Pros of Apec Essay APEC allows a forum to discuss issues that arises among members countries. For example during conflict regarding Spratly Island, APEC has become a forum to discuss about the issue and not only focusing on economic matters. Free flow of labors also being discussed in APEC, to ensure the labor is sufficient among members country thus making the development process maintain at the optimum level. For example, if Vietnam reporting that they are shortage of workforce, APEC will discuss the matter with other members if they can help to contribute some of their local workforce to work in Vietnam. In return, Vietnam shall take advantage by using the workforce to their optimum level but still not neglect their duties towards the labors (wages, allowance, shelter, etc). APEC also helps in business facilitation. If a member country is insufficient of some services or supplies, other member countries should willing to help as they are from the same regional cooperation area. For example, if New Zealand do not have the specialities needed in manufacturing their very own national car, they can borrow some specialist and experts from members who have produce their own car such as Malaysia. Malaysia will sent their skillful technician and workers to assist New Zealand from designing, manufacturing, and needed services. By obeying to the â€Å"give and take† rule, New Zealand can offer Malaysia some advantages such as reduced tax for New Zealand’s product that was exported to Malaysia, increase quota for new labor from Malaysia, or even inviting Malaysia’s best students to further their studies in New Zealand and give them New Zealand’s scholarship. APEC allows Asian countries to dialogue with economic power houses such as Japan and USA. This will ensure poor member countries will benefit from new technology and can adapt their country to build more development projects. For example, less developed member’s country such as Vietnam can adapt some of Japan’s technology to modernize Vietnam’s outdated machinery and thus increasing output and national income. Vice versa, Japan can take something from Vietnam’s specialities such as in textile, traditional music, and culture. Besides that, dialogue with economic power houses also can make poor and tiny country feels being in attention and not being isolated. Their voice is counted and can make a difference in changes of regional’s regulations, law, or orders.

It Ends When…

It Ends When†¦ It Ends When It Ends When By Maeve Maddox A reader is puzzled by a line in a movie: While watching The Bourne Ultimatum, I observed a CIA officer saying It ends when weve won . [I’m] a bit confused with this construction as it does not indicate future though the context of sentence [indicates that] the officer is talking about some time in future. If the statement stood alone, one would expect the verb in one of the clauses to be in future tense: â€Å"The killing will end when we have won.† However, the statement â€Å"It ends when we’ve won† refers to a previous sentence that contains or implies the antecedent of the pronoun it. The example from the movie is the second half of this exchange: Pamela Landy: Noah, shes one of us. You start down this path, where does it end? Noah Vosen: It ends when weve won. â€Å"It ends when† + present perfect is a common idiom in such contexts as these: Each week we watch/review 2 films. When will it all end? It ends when we’ve seen all the movies. Affordability doesn’t end at the bottom of our pockets.  It ends when we’ve counted all the costs.   The weekend course starts at 2 pm on Friday and 9 am on Saturday and Sunday. It ends when we’ve covered the material. â€Å"It ends when† can also be followed by present tense: All right: where is the poison? The battle of wits has begun. It ends when you decide and we both drink, and find out who is right and who is dead. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Types of LanguagePrecedent vs. PrecedenceEnglish Grammar 101: Sentences, Clauses and Phrases

Walden by Henry Thoreau Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Walden by Henry Thoreau - Essay Example The author harps on the self sufficiency while penning down the book which is clearly evident from the lines: â€Å"There is no odor so bad as that which arises from the goodness tainted. It is human, it is divine, carrion. If I knew for a certainty that a man was coming to my house with the conscious design of doing me good, I should run to my life. No- in this case I would rather suffer evil the natural way.† (Thoreau) The paper attempts to analyze Walden with a critical perspective. Once the reader starts reading the book he/she is acquainted with the knowledge of what made the author reside in a cabin made by him by the Walden Pond. The author feels that most of the people in this world spend their time in â€Å"mere ignorance and mistakes† (Thoreau) where the quest is only for acquiring luxuries. The author feels that the labor is wasted â€Å"from excessive toil† where man fails to acquire the â€Å"true integrity†. (Thoreau) But the author makes it clear that he was not a hermit who wanted to spend the time in the nature zealot but he was guided by a set of philosophical set of ideas. The reading of the book reveals the effort of the author in self discovery which was an experiment to learn how to live life. The author approach of life is that to live free and uncommitted as he is of the opinion that â€Å"It makes but little difference whether you are committed to a farm or the county jail†. (Thoreau) He makes a difference between the mortal and the immortal by saying â€Å"In accumulating property for ourselves or our posterity, in founding a family or a state, or acquiring fame even, we are mortal; but in dealing with truth we are immortal† (Thoreau). The reading of the book reveals the author’s education from the nature when he says â€Å"I had more than ever come within the influence of those books which circulate round the world, whose sentences were first written on bark, and are now merely copied from time to time on to the linen paper† (Thoreau) The book reveals the transcendentalism of the author where he emphasizes on the beauty of the nature by describing the sides of the path being adorned by â€Å"the sand cherry with its delicate flowers†. (Thoreau) The sounds of the nature like the bird chirping make the author feel the harmony and pleasure. The author perfectly enjoys his â€Å"strange liberty† (Thoreau) The description of the nature by the author reveals the perfect harmony and joy the author is experiencing. One may be of the opinion that the books deals with the author’s opinion against the modern life settlement and the luxurious life one spends, â€Å"I see young men, my townsmen, whose misfortune it is to have inherited farms, houses, barns, cattle and farming tool† or the authors explanation of the beauty of nature while he explains the â€Å"strange liberty of nature† (Thoreau), but reading of the complete book would reveal that the book is all about individuality, about leading the life one wants without following the conventions, â€Å"The life in us is like the water in the river†. (Thoreau) The book needs a thorough reading and understanding of the reader and reassessing is required as the narrative style is difficult. The initial reading of the book reveals the sarcasm and the wit of the author where he talks about the â€Å"frivolous† (Thoreau) nature of the human kind. The book focuses on

The Effects of Violent Video Games on Children Essay

The Effects of Violent Video Games on Children - Essay Example This has many negative effects on the individual which is exposed; regardless of age. One of the aspects of the negative effect large amounts of time spent playing violent video games has been shown to effect negatively upon a range of health issues within such groups. Although the negative health affects have been a topic of much recent discussion, the expressed purpose of this research analysis will be to draw a level of inference upon the way in which violence represented within video games affects the minds, outlook, psychology, and world-view interpretation of the adolescent viewing audience. Accordingly, it will be the express purpose of this brief analysis to take a stand with regards to the impacts that video game violence has upon the youth of the current era as well as seek to derive a level of culpability with regards to the actions taken by adolescents that have been influenced by violence in video games. It is the hope of this author that by presenting an argumentative e ssay with key elements of research from a variety of different sources that the reader will be able to come to a more informed conclusion with regards to the overall impacts that video game violence affords upon adolescents and upon society as a whole. Although violence has always been a discernable and visible part of the human experience, the proliferation of violence in video games has provided a paradigm shift in the way that the shareholder, namely adolescents, engage with an understanding of this representation within the reality of culture and entertainment that such a medium represents. Ultimately, the scope and level of the violence that is represented along with the increased total viewing/playing hours that adolescents within society are engaging with means that the level and extent to which this violence is represented has increased exponentially over time. However, before delving further into the nature of violence and its effect as represented within video games, it is important to qualify that regardless of the effect that violence within media could have on the individual, it cannot and should not be blamed for all extant violence that exists due to the fact that violence and its representation within human society has far predated the first exhibition of television or video games in general. In short, this exponential growth creates a unique dynamic with regards to overall impact and demand that whatever theory which is used to define this is fully cognizant and aware of the exponential scale of violence which is under discussion. One of the most important aspects of the effects of the media on the adolescent mind is the way in which it causes a degree of exposure and acceptance of violent actions as a reasonable and expected means of conflict resolution. Many studies have looked into the explosion of anger and aggression issues that have been represented lately and made convincing links and parallels to the extent to which the representation of violence within media, and specifically video games, have contributed to the rise in the prevalence of these issues. However, regardless of the particular study that has been analyzed, most authors and researchers have agreed that children and adolescent exposure to violence plays an integral part in the ultimate expression of violent behavior; or at the very least integrates an understanding among the shareholder that violent expression is an acceptable means of conflict

Position of the leader Essay Example for Free

Position of the leader Essay In every team endeavor someone formally or informally takes the position of the leader. A leader keeps track of all the team activities and has a deciding effect on the workings of the team. He has to care not only about the work but also its speed of execution. As team is composed of people, this means he has to get the work done with the people and as always observed; people work when they have some motivation to do so. Motivation is the key to how people react to a particular work or situation. A good leader very well knows what is the motivation behind each of his team member’s work and uses it for the maximum benefit of the team. Some of my motivations are holidays and spending time on my hobbies. I am also motivated by being a part of process of some positive change and also if I get chance to work with small, relaxed, honest people. These form the major crunch of my motivation. I believe that things that motivate me will very well motivate others also. I find the theory Y approach1 useful. In it the workers are assumed to be happy with their job and use their creativity and imagination to make decision and to solve problems. These set of people will tackle problem themselves as far as possible and remain satisfied with their work because this gives them opportunity to do the work as they like. Of course, some people fall in the theory X category, I prefer to throw out such people and if that’s not possible try to turn them to Y side. Also I find the ‘Maslow’s hierarchy of needs’2 quite useful. He mentions that everyone is motivated by his needs but once his needs are met, He isn’t satisfied instead it is taken over by another higher need. A leader has to take care of the needs of where his people are in this hierarchy. References: 1 Douglas McGregor (1960). ‘The Human Side of Enterprise’. McGraw Hill 2 ‘A Theory of Human Motivation’ Psychological Review 50, pp 370-396

Art as an Academic Discipline Essay -- art, artistic, creativity, lamen

Question 1. a. What do you think art is? What is art? Art is that which is pleasing to the senses or of more than significant importance (Cothren & Stokstad, 2011, p. xxvii). It is also said that art is an opinion (South University Online, 2014). Anybody can have their own opinion of a piece of art, but very few people can actually judge art. Of course, everyone still has their own opinion. A mother will see her one-year-olds painting and see a work of art. A true work of art invokes a need to understand what the artist was saying or feeling at that specific time. Art captures time and the human experience (South University Online, 2014). It could be a wedding portrait that brings tears to a wife's eyes, or it could be the red blanket in a bedroom (South University Online, 2014). Art is a perception of beauty of form and color and location. The definition of art is as follows: "the quality, production, expression , or realm, according to aesthetic principles, of what is beautiful, appealing, or of more than ordina ry significance" (Dictionary.com, 2014). Art evokes emotion, it can be uplifting or depressing. Man has always had a need to express himself, to say what he cannot speak. b. Why do you think it is important to study art as an academic discipline? There must be discipline in life, or nothing would ever get done. Academic discipline teaches organization and follow-through to be successful. Art seems so unimportant to success in the real world, but this is not true. I did not realize that there were so many aspects involved in judging a work of art. There are parts you see immediately, like bright colors, or an interesting subject, or maybe a rough texture. They focus your attention on a specific... ... History, Volume 2, 4th Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Learning Solutions. Dictionary.com. (2014). Art. In Dictionary.com. Retrieved January 11, 2014, from http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/art. Masakim. (2003, September 25). Re: "The devil is in the details". In The Phrase Finder. Retrieved January 11, 2014, from http://www.phrases.org.uk/bulletin_board/24/messages/694.html. South University Online. (2014). HUM1002: History of Art from Middle Ages to Modern Times: Week 1: Art as an Academic Discipline. Retrieved from http://myeclassonline.com South University Online. (2014). HUM1002: History of Art from Middle Ages to Modern Times: Week 1: The Art Historian. Retrieved from http://myeclassonline.com South University Online. (2014). HUM1002: History of Art from Middle Ages to Modern Times: Week 1: Warm Color. Retrieved from http://myeclassonline.com

Hughes and Blues: Double Consciousness

A small yet significant example in The Big Sea takes place after Hughes becomes a seaman on a merchant ship at the age of twenty-one and takes his trip to Africa. As the ship arrives along the coast, Hughes writes that the regular ere acquires a ‘supplemental' crew of Africans, as the current crew he was with â€Å"weren't supposed to be able to stand the sun† (Hughes 320). Hughes states this simplistically, as though that's the only angle to the regular crews' reasoning.The sentence immediately following this oversimplified statement reads, â€Å"Then I had an African boy to do my washing, my cleaning, and almost all my work-as did everybody on board† (Hughes 320). Considering Hughes Just used the entire previous paragraph to describe his duties as seaman, it becomes obvious to the reader that Hughes is sing the African boy much In the way a white American would employ a minority to tend their house, do their yard- or fieldwork, cook and clean, taking advantage o f the boys need for money.Hughes then Justifies using the African child as a sort of housekeeper by saying everyone else is doing it, and, â€Å"The Africans stood both work an sun without difficulty, it seems† (Hughes 320), and with those two lines, Hughes pretty much restates two of the original arguments for slavery. In Rampart's The Life of Longs Hughes, Hughes is occasionally depicted as dealing with the internal struggle of double consciousness, such as after the publication of his book of poems, Fine Clothes to the Jew.A collection of poems that, as Hughes describes first- handedly as, â€Å"a better book than my first, because it was more impersonal, more about other people than myself† (Hughes 394). He considered the collection to be an honest glimpse into the world of African-American issues, and white America applauded the book. However, his black critics denounced it as garbage, and proclaimed Hughes to be (Ramped 140) and the ;poet Loretta of Harlem† (Hughes 396).Hughes' relationship with Charlotte Mason, or Godmother as she liked to be called, Is spotted with a few examples of double consciousness. Meeting Mason through Lain Locke, Hughes was immediately taken under her wing in her effort to â€Å"elevate African culture to its rightful place of honor† (Ramped 147), and enlisted to create literary works of art. Seduced by the opportunity to work on his poetry and various writings without the uncertainty of poverty, Hughes went to work for Godmother in exchange for financial security, automaton an entire KICK Dates on Mason's demands.Longs Hughes' Tie was filled with examples of the tumultuous battle of double consciousness, from early life to old age, whether in Harlem or traveling around the world. His literature manages to explore both the assimilation of African-American into the Euro-American culture as well as the recognition and retention of the cultural aspects unique to the African- American community. Bibliogra phy Ramped, Arnold. The Life of Longs Hughes. New York: Oxford UP, 1986. Print. Hughes, Longs. The Longs Hughes Reader. New York: G. Brazier, 1958. Print

Budgeting Is Useless on Managers Essay

I disagree that budgeting is an unnecessary burden on many managers to a large extent. This isbecause budgeting provides an opportunity to reevaluate existing activities and evaluate new ones. Compel managers to think ahead and estimates of unit and sales during operating period as well as selling expenses, so as to estimate the profit target. Once the budget is set, region, product groups and/or account types can break it down. Also, budgeting talks about the optimum profitability in a given period; since firms typically look for profit maximization in the long term; while it seeks sales maximization in the current period. By providing and opportunity to reevaluate existing activities and evaluate new ones, managers are able to get a further understanding of the sales, production, distribution and finance on their current activities. Hence with the above that they have found out they are able to enhance and create new ones. In additional, budgeting compel managers to think ahead as they have to consider factors when forecasting sales. This factors include: past patterns of sales, market research studies, advertising and sales promotion plans, competitors’ actions and general economics conditions. While considering these factors, managers will have to do a research studies on the past and present and make a comparison on these and estimate sales in the future. In order for a company to have a good budgeting or performance, manager will need to foresee what will happen in the future and engages it’s staffs on the budget processing, creating and environment where there is a true two-way flow of information. Example from the top down, the top management gives sales and profit targets to various organization units and unit heads make plans to achieve the objectives. From the bottom up, Unit heads and their subordinates team up in the setting of the sales and profit objectives and also plan to meet them. As from the example above, top management is away from the realities in the field; but at the same time, juniors may tend to understate what they can achieve in the period. However, budgeting takes up too much time of all managers. As they have to stay focus on their current project and to make sure that is an active participation of all the employees. Reason why the failed to budget can be due to an error in the message conveyed by the budgeting system that maybe misaligned with incentives provided by the compensation system as budgeting is a detailed and comprehensive analysis upon any miscommunications it may result in more time spend by the managers. In conclusion, I do disagree to a large extent that budgeting is an unnecessary burden on many managers as they can provide good analysis while ensuring of all participation of the management be it the employees all the managers despite the risk.

Using the Spanish Verb Traer

Using the Spanish Verb Traer Although the very common Spanish verb traer is the one most often used to translate the English verb to bring, it is also used in a wide variety of other situations. Keep in Mind Traer most commonly conveys the idea of bringing, either literally or figuratively.Traer can refer to causing a result. It can also mean the wearing of clothing.Traer is irregularly conjugated. Traer Meaning 'To Bring' Here are some examples of traer meaning bring: El cartero me trajo el iPad. (The letter carrier brought me the iPad.)Hoy te traemos la à ºltimas noticias de la guerra. (Today we are bringing you the latest news about the war.)Cada semana Pablo me trae flores. (Pablo brings me flowers every week).Trigame un cafà © sin leche. (Bring me a coffee without milk.) Often, traer carries a meaning similar to bring but is best translated in another way: Por ese motivo te traigo algunos consejos. (That is why Im giving you some advice.)Esta cmara no trae flash. (This camera doesnt have flash.)El libro trae los mapas ms actualizados de Argentina. (The book has the most current maps of Argentina.)Esto me trae felicidad en el ms profundo sentido. (This makes me happy in the deepest sense.)La meditacià ³n diaria te traer paz y claridad. (Daily meditation will give you peace and clarity.)Una tarde lluviosa nos traerà ­a recuerdos de infancia. (A afternoon rain had us reminiuscing about our childhood.) Traer With Other Meanings As sometimes does the word bring, traer can also mean to cause, especially when referring to difficulties: Beber en exceso me trae muchos problemas. (Drinking too much causes me many problems.)El asma trae dificultad para respirar. (Asthma causes difficulty in breathing.)Todo esa situacià ³n me he traà ­do una enfermedad gastrointestinal. (This whole situation has given me a gastrointestinal illness.) When used with articles of clothing and similar personal effects, traer can mean to wear:  ¿Por quà © Mickey Mouse no trae camisa? (Why doesnt Mickey Mouse wear a shirt?)A veces traigo lentes tipo motociclista. (Sometimes I wear motorcycle goggles.)No me gusta traer los zapatos sin calcetines. (I dont like wearing shoes without socks.) Using the Reflexive Traerse Finally, in the reflexive form, traerse sometimes indicates what is happening with the subject of the verb:  ¿Quà © se trae tu familia? (Whats going on with your family? Whats your family up to?)Me parece que Netflix no funciona.  ¿Quà © se traer? (It appears to me that Netflix isnt working. What could be going on?) Phrases Using Traer Traer is used in numerous phrases and idioms. Here are some of the most common: traà ©rsela floja (to be indifferent) - Me la trae floja a todos aquellos que me bloqueen. (I couldnt care less about all of those who block me.)traer a colacià ³n (to bring up a subject) - Este caso trajo a colacià ³n la importancia de verificar los aviones antes de ser abordados. (The case brought up the importance of testing the planes before they are boarded.)traer a la luz (to reveal or bring to light) - El caso trajo a la luz un problema que tiene profundas raà ­ces en la polà ­tica mexicana. (The case brought to light a problem that has deep roots in Mexican politics.)trael al caso (to bear or keep in mind) - Traigamos al caso las palabras de nuestros padres. (Lets keep in mind the words of our parents.)traer de cabeza (to figuratively cause a headache) - Esta tableta es atractiva, pero va a traer de cabeza a la hora de repararlo. (This tablet is attractive, but it will cause a headache when it needs to be repaired.)traer loco (to drive crazy) -  ¡Esta computadora me trae loco! (This computer is driving me crazy!) traer prisa (to be in a hurry) - Por favor, trata de llegar lo ms rpido que puedas. Traigo prisa. (Please, try to arrive as soon as you can. Im in a hurry.)   Conjugation of Traer Like nearly all of the most-used verbs, traer is irregularly conjugated. In many cases, a g or j is used in the ending. Some of the most common irregular forms are: I bring is traigo.The present participle or gerund is trayendo.The past participle is traà ­do.The present subjunctive follows the pattern traigas, traiga, traiga, etc.The preterite follows the pattern traje, trajiste, trajo, etc.Imperative forms include traiga usted and traigan ustedes.

Charles Chocolate case Essay Example for Free

Charles Chocolate case Essay Traelene beals â€Å"9am Friday† First, a formal case analysis – This should be written in a business style format using short paragraphs and sentences, self-explanatory headings, and any figures/tables that would facilitate reading. Reports are to be no longer than 2000 words (excluding appendices Issues to be addressed – No measures of productivity or efficiaency in the plant- no way of telling if the plant was doing a good job. Difficult demand forcasting due to seasonality of sales. 2 new stores had ok type sales. Best clients of Wholesale sales changed focus on cheaper items and also own products. Sales agents could be fired with 90 days notice. Other parts of US haven’t heard of us. Of the 221 wholesale customers purchase just $1000 worth of products. Other 125 purchase between 1000 and 2000 per year. Sales agents, don’t know how to represent the all products. Speculating future orders from wholesale clients to customize boxes and logos-waste of capital. 60% of the total online/phone orders were from existing customers. Online sales haven’t grown – orders processed within 3-4 days. Why ship internationaly(only 5%)—Antartica Really Summer problem at Sandwich heaven – why did staff leave? How to get new staff in this tight labour market. Marketing service – old fashioned — Undefined Target market? Packaging ? (tourists publicatins, seasonal print media and radio spots) How to increase awareness without diluting the brand. Leverage on solid search engine raankings to promote online sales Basic website, reminder service to customers-good/bad? Sales agents dint provide links to top accounts. Companies revenues had grown because of Sandwich heaven(franchising) High reliability on tourism. Corporate gift marketing – 25% discount – market was good – Explore boston ? ice cream sales Increase retail penetration? Acquire a niche chocolate company? What about the tradiotnal brand name? Internal capacity? Relocate factory? Background Charles produced high-quality, hand wrapped chocolates, Portland creams. Best quality, many loyal customers across the world. Huge factory(24000 sq foot)-owned-. Only 75 retail and 35 production employees, 20 in management. Working hours 7am-4pm(each day). – Leverage long shelf life Wholesale production required early planning and online sales required late production†¦ Production planning was completed by data distortions arising from out-of stock and over stock issues. – out of stock-over production – killed the pricing – by discount pricing. Special orders put the whole order on a stand still Retail stores provided 50% of sales. – Wholesale had 30% of sales – Charles is just used as an add on product. Online and phone – online 4% of total sales. –phone is 6% of total sales—60% of all these orders were from regular orders.. Avg sales $138 by phone and $91 from website†¦High growth industry†¦ Sandwich heaven – 10% of sales – Industry High demand for organic/dark chocolate- anti oxidant properties. Charles Chocolate case. (2018, Oct 13).

Creative Writing, write a complete story Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Creative Writing, write a complete story - Essay Example She moaned softly. Thank god for plush leather sofas, she said to herself. These parties always went on a few hours longer than they ought. People began to fidget, not knowing whether to leave or stay on, they stalled from minute to minute trying to decide whether they wanted to leave or stay on. The boisterous drunk trying to make conversation for everyone, the depressive ones staring stonily at nothingness, and the sober ones shiftily eyeing each other and the clock on the wall overhead; she smiled again, her lips curling up into that ironic twist that had made her so infamous around the office. The Snarky Bitch: that’s who she was. They thought she didn’t know, but she could tell. She could tell from the abrupt stop in conversations when she walked in, the knowing smiles they exchanged when she left, those infuriating little inside-jokes they would laugh about in her presence. She’d realized right away that she was never going to be welcome here, and had decided to make it her job to be as abrasive as possible. She wasn’t welcome, was she? Well, she didn’t want to be! She covered her eyes with her hands and tried to calm down. It had been two months here, she ought to have gotten used to it by now. Fragments of conversation began to float in. She froze and almost involuntarily, began to listen. â€Å"But of course, metaphysical poetry must necessarily be read in its contextualized framework of the period that is commonly called – but it is a gross error to call it so, although this is open to much debate, something I talk about in my last book, you know. Yes what was I saying? – The Renaissance. I mean someone like Donne, aspiring courtier, flamboyant in his romances –† Here the speaker paused to drain his glass, before continuing, â€Å"But of course, people like Rowling are very over-rated. I mean what has she really contributed beyond some copying and bringing together bits and pieces of

Infulence of particpation in strategic change; resistance, Annotated Bibliography

Infulence of particpation in strategic change; resistance, organization commitment and goal achievement - Annotated Bibliography Example The article examines how the right to reject a decision on resistance to change, change goal achievement, and post change commitment to the organization; and consultative participation are related. Lines, in testing his hypotheses, opted to include the option of rejecting a proposed change since may assist in capturing instances where organizations forego changes that they deem optimal because from the change recipient perspective, they are not acceptable. Additionally, Lines used a set of three variables that represented outcomes, which allowed for a comprehensive assessment of whether a strategy implementation is complete or not. He tries to establish whether the effects of participation are dependent on the context in which an approach is applied by focusing on the extent to which change is: compatible to organizational culture, expected to lead to less or more job variety, and expected to lower costs. The finding of the study indicated that existence of positive relationship between participation and organizational commitment and goal achievement. The findings showed that a strong negative relationship exists between participation and resistance to change and that the personal goals of recipients and the compatibility of changes with the culture of the organization moderated the effects of participation. I picked Mowday et al., (1979) because it offered a lot of insight with regards to the compatibility of change with the organizational culture and the recipients’’ acceptance of the values and beliefs of the organization. I also picked Porter et al, (1974) as an influential article because it offered more insight into assessing post change organizational commitment, and how it is affected by participation. The article by Hackman and Oldham (1975) was influential in the interpretation of the study’s results, especially with regards to

DETERMINING IF A BURGLARY SUSPECT WAS GUILTY Essay

DETERMINING IF A BURGLARY SUSPECT WAS GUILTY - Essay Example Burglary can be committed in any building, tent or vessel used as a â€Å"human dwelling†. The words â€Å"human dwelling† must be noted as it connotes a wider meaning than the term â€Å"dwelling house†. (Tudor Jackson, The Law of Crimes, 3rd Edition). Once it is established that there has been a â€Å"breaking and entering†, it must still be proved that there was intent to commit a felony therein. Usually a felony has been committed on the premises e.g. theft, otherwise the intent to commit a felony must be established. This is the mens rea in the offence. The intent must exist at the time of breaking and entering. Therefore to determine that the suspect of burglary is guilty, the courts must establish the guilty mind or intention (mens rea) of the accused which shall be followed by the actual act committed i.e. breaking and entering into the house. To constitute burglary, it is not necessarily that the suspect must after breaking into or entering the house has to steal something. Having the intention of stealing even if he/she did not find what she intended to steal and left without taking anything is itself an offence of burglary committed. In Benton v. Maryland, 395 U.S 784 (1969), the petitioner was tried in a Maryland state Court for burglary and larceny. He was acquitted of larceny but convicted of burglary and sentenced to 10 years in prison. On retrial the petitioner was found guilty of both offences and concurrently sentenced to 15 years for burglary and 5 years for larceny. The appellate court ruled against petitioner on the double jeopardy issue.

Biology of Prostate Cancer

Biology of Prostate Cancer PDG The Biological basis of illness and therapeutics Cancer of the prostate Introduction Malignancies are currently responsible for more deaths in the UK than ischaemic heart disease (Cummings et al 1998). Half of these malignant deaths are from the â€Å"big four† – Lung, Bowel, Breast and Prostate (World Cancer Research Fund 1997). These cancers are almost unknown in developing countries but the incidence reverts to the UK norm within one or two generations of immigration, which argues strongly for the presence of environmental factors. If this is true then these malignancies should be theoretically preventable. Prostate cancer is the current most prevalent male cancer, accounting for about 30% of all new cases and also for about 14% of all malignant deaths (Montironi 2001). The incidence is increasing, this may, in part, be due to the increasing age of the male population. Increasing consumption of red meat and fats are associated with an increase in risk, and a diet of vegetables and salads (especially tomatoes) is associated with a lower risk. It appears that Vit E supplements significantly reduce the risk of developing the disease (Heinonen et al 1998) Pathophysiology of the disease The prostate is a walnut sized gland which is situated just below the male bladder. It is primarily responsible for producing the seminal fluid and it also produces some hormones. In malignancy, there are several different forms. The neuroendocrine form (small cell type) can occur but it is not as common as the focal neuroendocrine type. (Di SantAgnese 2000) Prostate cancer is thought to arise primarily from one or more (usually a series) of genetic mutations in the DNA. This can either be inherited or acquired. (Hague et al 1996) In the UK the majority of prostatic malignancies are thought to be mutations occurring at directly at the tumour site rather than being genetically inherited.(Bingham et al 1998) The genetic mechanisms can involve either the activation of an oncogene or the inhibition of a tumour supressor gene. The mechanism is not simple, and it is thought that about four to six stepwise mutations in the DNA are responsible for the genesis of prostate cancer. The actual mechanism of the acquired genetic mutation is thought to be when an oncogene is translocated and fused with the activity promoter of another gene, this mechanism is often found when specific tumour markers are detected in the blood (viz. PSA). A similar mechanism is implicated in the more aggressive forms of prostatic cancer where the oncogene combines (and thereby inhibits) a tumour supressor gene. Demonstration of abnormal amounts of proteins such as PSA are useful in detecting the presence of micro-metastases when the disease process is thought to be in remission. The original sequence of the DNA is thereby changed. The actual mechanism can be by translocation (as described above) or by insertions or inversions which are more usually due to errors of RNA translation. All of these mechanisms ultimately exert their effect by interfering with the proper regulatory controls of the protein manufacturing abilities of the cell One of the main pathological features of malignancy is the neovascularisation that almost universally occurs. It is thought to begin in Benign Prostatatic Hypertrophy (BPH), and progresses through the pre-malignant into the frank malignant state. (Bostwick et al 2000) This is thought to be a result of the increase in detectable levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). The levels of VEGF are highest in the most malignant forms of the disease, and is amenable to external hormonal manipulation. The commonest sites of metastatic disease are in the bone and the liver. (Mazzucchelli et al 2000) There is considerable evidence to support the implication of oncogenes in the aetiology of this cancer. Oncogenes such as c-myc and c-erb-B of have been found, as have supressor genes such as p27(Kip1) and pp32R1/2. Oncogenes have also been implicated in the formation and regression of the metastatic form of the disease. (Lijovic et al 2000) There appears to be a genetic association with the cancer as 10% of sufferers have a family history of the disease (Selley et al 1997) Modern management of prostate cancer The management of prostate cancer is primarily dependent on the clinical staging. There are several different types of staging currently employed. The commonest is the Gleason staging (I-IV) with III being the clinically commonest presentation. Significant factors in the staging are: Neuroendocrine differentiation Angiogenesis Perineural invasion Proliferation markers Other factors also play a part including the PSA and other blood borne entities. The first two factors are arguably the most important. We have learned a great deal about the detection and treatment of prostate cancer in the recent past, but the mortality figures do not reflect the increase in our knowledge. The two overriding clinical factors are early detection (ideally in the pre-invasive state) and the identification of the other prognostic factors. Chemoprevention is a field that is gaining in momentum at the present, but it is still largely experimental. (Montironi et al 1999) The current mainstay of treatment at present is hormonal manipulation A recent paper by Armstrong (et al 2001) looks at the current role of cellular immunotherapy in the field of prostate cancer management. This is a field which also holds exciting practical prospects for tumour management. It involves giving the patient vaccines prepared from antigenically active tumour cells or activated lymphocytes. Specifically cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are used to identify and then destroy the tumour cells. They do this by being programmed to recognise a specific protein on the surface of the malignant prostate cell. Clinical trials have shown that this method of treatment is at its most effective when first line (hormonal) treatment has reduced the size of the tumour to a residual amount, which is at high risk of relapse. For reasons that are not yet fully understood, this method appears to suffer from a developing tolerance to the malignancy by the lymphocytes. This is currently the focus of intense research activity. ( Hwu et al.1999) A more recent development still is an offshoot of this type of treatment and that is the use of gene modified vaccines. This involves vaccines which contain genetically modified cells. The most effective found so far are those which work by making cells increase the production of cytokines in close proximity to the tumour cells. (Alvarez-Vallina et al 1996) This appears to increase the antigenic appeal of those cells and thereby render them more amenable to attack from the immune system. This avoids the difficulties with the side effects that were seen when cytokines were given systemically. (Gao et al 2000) Other mechanisms for gene therapy involve the ingenious use of viruses to transfer the altered DNA into the malignant cell. In prostate malignancies, their use has been disappointing because of problems with side effects, but the theory is also promising (Relph et al 2004) PSA and related proteins such as prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) are commonly helpful in monitoring the progress or relapse of the disease (Montie 1997) PSA is being experimentally exploited by being coupled to enzymes such as thymidine kinease. This can be placed in the body by a retrovirus and therefore infects all cells but is only activated in prostate cells. They are refered to as the Trojan Horse Vectors and appear to very successful in early trials. Proponents of the technique refer to it as performing a genetic prostatectomy. More modern techniques still involves the detection of prostate cells in the bloodstream using a reverse transcriptase and polymerase chain reaction. This is thought to be a particularly sensitive assay for the prediction of surgical failure (Olsson et al 2003) The downside to these treatments involving genes, is that the mechanisms of protein synthesis and regulation are unimaginably complex. Attempts to cure one malignancy may unwittingly cause another by a process called Insertional mutagenesis, where the desired effect in one cell is hindered by an unwanted malignant change in another. (Armstrong 2001) Conclusions The advances in our understanding of the molecular basis of prostate cancer have been spectacular in the last decade. Interventional genetics now are on the brink of offering a real chance of survival to patients with resistant disease. Patients with widespread disease are usually desperate to try any form of novel treatment. Although the theory and understanding of many of the oncogenic processes are already well advanced, it is vital not to give a patient false hope of cure. (Bingham et al 1998) To this end the Dept. of Health has set up a new governing body in the shape of he Genetic Therapy Advisory Committee (GTAC) to consider and oversee all new and proposed treatments. The major hurdles that remain in this field are how to effect the stable and specific transfer of genes into tumour cells, how to ensure the safety of both patients and staff and to define exactly where the best place is for gene therapy alongside the mainstream treatments today. (Montironi 2001) References Alvarez-Vallina L, Hawkins RE.2002 Antigen-specific targeting of CD28-mediated T cell co-stimulation using chimeric single-chain antibody variable fragment-CD28 receptors. Eur J Immunol; 2002 26: 2304-2309 Armstrong, David Eaton, and Joanne C Ewing 2001 Science, medicine, and the future: Cellular immunotherapy for cancer BMJ, Dec 2001; 323: 1289 1293. Bingham SA, Atkinson C, Liggins J, Bluck L, Coward A. 1998 Phytoestrogens: where are we now? Br J Nutr 1998; 79: 393-406 Bostwick DG, Grignon D, Hammond EH, Amin MB, Cohen M, Crawford D, et al. 1999 Predictive factors in prostate cancer. College of American Pathologists Consensus Statements 1999. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2000; 124: 996-1000. Cummings JH and Sheila A Bingham 1998 Fortnightly review: Diet and the prevention of cancer BMJ, Dec 1998; 317: 1636 1640. Di SantAgnese PA. 2000 Divergent neuroendocrine differentiation in prostatic carcinoma. Sem Diagn Pathol 2000; 17: 149-161 Gao L, Bellantuono I, Elsasser A, Marley SB, Gordon MY, Goldman JM, et al. 2000 Selective elimination of leukemic CD34(+) progenitor cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for WT1. Blood 2000; 95: 2198-2203 Hague A, Butt AJ, Paraskeva C. 1996 The role of butyrate in human colonic epithelial cells: an energy source or inducer of differentiation and apoptosis? Proc Nutr Soc 1996; 55: 937-943 Heinonen OP, Albanes D, Virtamo J, Taylor PR, Huttunen JK, Hartman AM, et al. 1998 Prostate cancer and supplementation with alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene: incidence and mortality in a controlled trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 1998; 90: 440-446 Hwu P, Yang JC, Cowherd R, Treisman J, Shafer GE, Eshhar Z, et al. 1999 In vivo antitumor activity of T cells redirected with chimeric antibody/T cell receptor genes. Cancer Res 1999; 55: 3369-3373 Lijovic M, Fabiani ME, Bader J, Frauman AG. 2000 Prostate cancer: are new prognostic markers on the horizon? Prostate Cancer Prostatic Diseases 2000; 3: 62-65 Mazzucchelli R, Montironi R, Santinelli A, Lucarini G, Pugnaloni A, Biagini G. 2000 Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and capillary architecture in high-grade PIN and prostate cancer in untreated and androgen ablated patients. Prostate 2000; 45: 72-79 Montie JE, Meyers SE. 1997 Defining the ideal tumor marker for prostate cancer. Urol Clin North Am 1997; 24: 247-252 Montironi R, Mazzucchelli R, Marshall JR, Bartels PH. 1999 Prostate cancer prevention. Review of target populations, pathological biomarkers and chemopreventive agents. J Clin Pathol 1999; 52: 793-803 Montironi 2001 Prognostic factors in prostate cancer BMJ, Feb 2001; 322: 378 379. 1997. Olsson CA, Devries GM, Raffo AJ, Benson MC, OToole K, Cao Y, et al. 2003 Preoperative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for prostate-specific antigen predicts treatment failure following radical prostatectomy. J Urol 2003; 155: 1557-1562 Relph K, Kevin Harrington, and Hardev Pandha 2004 Recent developments and current status of gene therapy using viral vectors in the United Kingdom BMJ, Oct 2004; 329: 839 842. Selley S, Donovan J, Faulkner A, Coast J, Gillat D. 1997 Diagnosis, management and screening of early localised prostate cancer. Health Technology Assessment 1997; Sikora K 1994 Current Issues in Cancer: Genes dreams and cancer BMJ, May 1994; 308: 1217 1221. World Cancer Research Fund. 2003 Food, nutrition and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective. Washington, DC: WCRF, American Institute for Cancer Research 2003 PDG 12.9.05 Word count 2,206

Effective way of tutoring Essay -- essays research papers

Effective way in Tutoring Students 2004 Outline: A) Introduction B) General discussion 1) Personal Experience 2) Tips on Promoting Student Motivation 3) Advantages and Disadvantages of Tutoring C) Conclusion. Foreword: Tutoring is a tool in helping the children in their academic needs. The tutor guides them in answering their assignments as well as teaching them techniques in solving problems. This paper is aimed at describing tutor functional duties, tips on promoting student motivation, advantages and disadvantages of tutoring and my personal experience of tutoring students. Studies from outside sources would facilitate me in coming up with my own conclusion. I will resort to some convenient tools and opinions to provide a clear position towards effective tutoring. The main discussions and conclusion will be presented immediately within the perception of studies obtained.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is a wide variety of reasons why parents have to get tutor for their kids. Some children and adolescents experience difficulty in achieving academic goals. Some are needed to substitute for the absence of the child’s parents. Some children have behavioral disorders or belong to a huge class that is hard for them to catch up classroom discussions (McGinn, 1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tutoring offers children who may be experiencing troubles with their schoolwork a chance to improve their education by receiving special attention that they may not get from a teacher or parent. They encourage kids to move forward and do their best. They are also people that children may look up to as role models. It is a hands-on approach to help children’s learning processes (McGinn, 1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I am a tutor of math subjects in high school students. I helped them solve their assignments and teach them techniques in solving. A lot of students are having difficulty when it comes to problem solving. Problem solving is not easy at first, but following the right strategies and steps you would arrive to the correct answer. I make sure that I teach my students step by step in solving the problems and guide them in applying the techniques I taught them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As a tutor, I treated my students like my friends and persuade them as much as possible to do their best in their assignments, ... ...ccess. Some report that tutoring works sometimes and under certain conditions. Others have reported that one-to-one tutoring has been an extremely effective intervention. In short, the beliefs about efficacy of tutoring are varied (http://www.geocities.com/manav_b_merv/tutorart3.html, 2004).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tutoring is a helpful tool for kids having difficulty in schools. Tutors are mentors that guide and support students in obtaining their academic goals. However tutoring has an end point. They are not there to answer the assignments or make the projects of the students. They are the one that establishes your skills in studying your lesson. It is not only able to get high grades or able to pass all the requirements needed in school but to teach the children to be independent and to learn the skills they needed in solving or answering the problems they encountered. References: McGinn, Shiela. Tutoring In the Community. 1999. 5 March 2004. The Effects of an After-School Tutoring Program on the Academic Performanceof at-risk Students with LD. 5 March 2004. Wright, Jim. Encouraging Student Academic Motivation. 2001. Intervention Central. 5 March 2004. Effective way of tutoring Essay -- essays research papers Effective way in Tutoring Students 2004 Outline: A) Introduction B) General discussion 1) Personal Experience 2) Tips on Promoting Student Motivation 3) Advantages and Disadvantages of Tutoring C) Conclusion. Foreword: Tutoring is a tool in helping the children in their academic needs. The tutor guides them in answering their assignments as well as teaching them techniques in solving problems. This paper is aimed at describing tutor functional duties, tips on promoting student motivation, advantages and disadvantages of tutoring and my personal experience of tutoring students. Studies from outside sources would facilitate me in coming up with my own conclusion. I will resort to some convenient tools and opinions to provide a clear position towards effective tutoring. The main discussions and conclusion will be presented immediately within the perception of studies obtained.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is a wide variety of reasons why parents have to get tutor for their kids. Some children and adolescents experience difficulty in achieving academic goals. Some are needed to substitute for the absence of the child’s parents. Some children have behavioral disorders or belong to a huge class that is hard for them to catch up classroom discussions (McGinn, 1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tutoring offers children who may be experiencing troubles with their schoolwork a chance to improve their education by receiving special attention that they may not get from a teacher or parent. They encourage kids to move forward and do their best. They are also people that children may look up to as role models. It is a hands-on approach to help children’s learning processes (McGinn, 1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I am a tutor of math subjects in high school students. I helped them solve their assignments and teach them techniques in solving. A lot of students are having difficulty when it comes to problem solving. Problem solving is not easy at first, but following the right strategies and steps you would arrive to the correct answer. I make sure that I teach my students step by step in solving the problems and guide them in applying the techniques I taught them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As a tutor, I treated my students like my friends and persuade them as much as possible to do their best in their assignments, ... ...ccess. Some report that tutoring works sometimes and under certain conditions. Others have reported that one-to-one tutoring has been an extremely effective intervention. In short, the beliefs about efficacy of tutoring are varied (http://www.geocities.com/manav_b_merv/tutorart3.html, 2004).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tutoring is a helpful tool for kids having difficulty in schools. Tutors are mentors that guide and support students in obtaining their academic goals. However tutoring has an end point. They are not there to answer the assignments or make the projects of the students. They are the one that establishes your skills in studying your lesson. It is not only able to get high grades or able to pass all the requirements needed in school but to teach the children to be independent and to learn the skills they needed in solving or answering the problems they encountered. References: McGinn, Shiela. Tutoring In the Community. 1999. 5 March 2004. The Effects of an After-School Tutoring Program on the Academic Performanceof at-risk Students with LD. 5 March 2004. Wright, Jim. Encouraging Student Academic Motivation. 2001. Intervention Central. 5 March 2004.

How Sound Is Used Expressively in M Essay

In the beginning of the movie everything appears normal but within minutes you are thrown into a frantic time in Germany. A serial killer of children is on the loose and a mother waits at home for her young daughter. When are then shown her growing anticipation for her daughter to get home but at the same time shown her daughter talking to a shadowy figure who buys her a balloon. Her mother screams her name over and over as the camera shows different scenes. This is expressive because the sound of her voice shows how worried she is and the interchanging scenes show she is nowhere to be found. Then the scene of her ball rolling into the brush and her balloon tangles in the electrical wires signifies her death. Without the mothers screams the scene would not have delivered the dramatics that it did. Another instance of sound being used expressively was the part in the movie where the minister and the chief of police are discussing finding Elsie’s killer. They show many scenes of the police doing various investigations including combing areas for clues, interrogating people, night raids and trying to pick up scents with a dog. This scene shows how intense there investigation is and the chief’s monologue gives you the added intensity of the situation. With the chief talking about how they plan to find the killer and the scenes of the police doing their investigation being shown, Lang manages to expressively show a wide scale investigation in a short time with aural and visual aspects. It’s something that could not be done with a silent movie. The essence of the movie is then truly captured with the parallel sequence shots depicting the criminal underworlds meeting and the police meeting. M is not only a story about a serial killer but, it shows the similarities at the time of the criminals and the police due to the lack of control in postwar Germany. This comparison is very expressively shown when Lang uses what they are saying to show how very similar they are. Everything from both the rooms being filled with cigarette smoke to dialogue that is seemingly mirrored from their separate meetings, is a great

Motivation, Satisfaction, and Performance

Motivation, Satisfaction and Performance Plan LDR 531 Table of Contents The Team1 Motivation, Satisfaction, and Performance1 Motivation1 Satisfaction2 Performance2 The Plan2 References4 The Team The team is composed of four team members and one team manager; Mike, James, Mary, Katy and Barb. The team does a good job staying motivated and satisfied, and also performs well. However, there are moments the team struggles due to differences in attitudes, emotions, and values. The team manager strives to implement ways to keep the team where it should be.The plan will address the ways to keep the team motivated, satisfied and preforming well. Motivation, Satisfaction, and Performance The team currently has one thing that motivates them, satisfies them, and keeps them performing well, bonuses. The team works on different projects throughout the year. Meeting the deadlines on these projects keeps the team performing well which in turn earns them a bigger bonus check which motivates and satis fies them. However, there have been several instances where the team has not met a deadline and it has caused them their bonus for the project.This then causes issues between the team members and keeps them from performing well, being satisfied, and being motivated. Motivation In order to increase team motivation, the manager has come up with two suggestions; get connected and show the team appreciation. The best way to get connected with your team is to build relationships with them. It is very important to let your team know you have their best interest in mind. By doing so, you also build trust. Very rarely do employees do more than just the minimum when they do not feel like you will do more for them. The key here is to establish a professional relationship, not a friendship.By establishing these relationships and getting connected with your team, you will increase their motivation. (Kearns, 2010) Showing the team appreciation is also something that will increase the motivation within a team. Doing simple gestures like bringing in donuts or bagels (something your team enjoys), shows you are thinking of them and appreciate their hard work. It is important that when deciding to do this, it is not overdone. Team members can start to expect such a gesture and you don’t want that happening. Satisfaction The team has expressed major dissatisfaction when it comes to working long days for several weeks at a time.In order to overcome this dissatisfaction, the team manager has proposed the team take turns in deciding a schedule for the week. There are several rules that need to be taken into account, like hours of operation. By implementing this type of plan, the employees will be allowed to work out schedules that satisfy all of them and they get a sense of more than just work back. (Improve Your Employees' Job Satisfaction, 2004) Performance The most important thing to increase performance is to give regular performance reviews. This ensures that the team m embers and the team manager are all on the same page.While in a team, it’s important to discuss team reviews as well. As a manager, it is important to do this so that the team as a whole knows how they are doing. It allows for corrections and for the team to know how well they are doing. Strengths are a great focus point, however it is also important to address the weaknesses so they can be corrected. (McCormick, 2012) The Plan The following is a detail of what the plan is for motivation, satisfaction, and performance. Months 1-3 * Inform team members of the plan * 1st individual and team performance reviews * Set expectations Start developing a professional relationship * Set expectations * Team manager only: Treat the team (bagels, donuts, etc. ) * Set schedule * Discuss rules for schedules during long projects * Set expectations Months 4-6 * 2nd individual and performance reviews * Evaluate schedule setting for long projects * Evaluate professional relationships Months 7-1 2 * 3rd and 4th individual and performance reviews * Schedule setting for long projects * Continue building professional relationships At the end of the year, there will be a yearly evaluation taking into account all the evaluations for the year.It is a good way to show your team how far they’ve come. At this time, any changes that the team believes should be made can be addressed. References Improve Your Employees' Job Satisfaction. (2004, March 22). Retrieved from Entrepreneur: http://www. entrepreneur. com/article/70060# Kearns, K. (2010). Top 7 Tips for Motivating Your Team. Retrieved from Top 7 Business: http://top7business. com/? Top-7-Tips-for-Motivating-Your-Team&id=567 McCormick, M. (2012). Chron. Retrieved from How to Increase Employee Performance in the Workplace: http://smallbusiness. chron. com/increase-employee-performance-workplace-1950. html

How to Play Inflation essays

How to Play Inflation essays The article that I have chosen to summarize was called How to Play Inflation which will be published in Time magazine on April 26th, 2004. I have found that when going on to www.time.com that one can read certain articles before they are available on the market. The article informed me that the government has confirmed that consumer prices have increased to an annual rate of about 6.2% which all happened in March of this year. The article also mentions how we consumers were shielded from this particular event of inflation. Some reasons why no consumers have notice this inflation is because that workers wages have not raised much and factory costs have stayed down. Companies have also received higher costs to keep their goods and products affordable for the jobless. The article also begins to tell the reader how to measure inflation and the process of which to do this. I have found that this article relates to microeconomics because of the discussion of inflation. From reading the book this semester I have noticed how the topic of inflation comes up more than once. As found in the book on page 12, inflation is part of the principle #9 for the Principles of Economics. Principle #9 is Prices Rise When the Government Prints too much Money. I feel the article relates well to this principle of economics because when there is an access of money and percentages lying around, like the article explained, then prices do rises. ...

The Definition of an Angle

The Definition of an Angle In mathematics, particularly geometry, angles are formed by two rays  (or lines) that begin at the same point or share the same endpoint. The angle measures the amount of turn between the two arms or sides of an angle and is usually measured in degrees or radians. Where the two rays intersect or meet is called the vertex.   An angle is defined by its measure (for example, degrees) and is not dependent upon the lengths of the sides of the angle. History of the Word The word angle  comes from the  Latin  word  angulus, meaning corner. It is  related to the  Greek  word ankylÃŽ ¿s  meaning crooked, curved, and the  English  word ankle. Both Greek and  English  words come from the Proto-Indo-European  root word ank-  meaning to bend or bow.   Types of Angles Angles that are exactly 90 degrees are called right angles. Angles less than 90 degrees are called acute angles. An angle  that is exactly 180 degrees is called a straight angle  (this appears as a straight line). Angles that are greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees are called  obtuse angles. Angles that are larger than a straight angle but less than 1 turn (between 180 degrees and 360 degrees) are called  reflex angles. An angle that is 360 degrees, or equal to one full turn, is called a full angle or complete angle. For an example of an obtuse angle, the angle of a typical house rooftop is often formed at an obtuse angle. An obtuse angle is greater than 90 degrees since water would pool on the roof  (if it was 90 degrees) or if the roof did not have a downward angle for water to flow.   Naming an Angle Angles are usually named using alphabet letters to identify the different parts of the angle: the vertex and each of the rays. For example, angle BAC, identifies an angle with A as the vertex. It is enclosed by the rays, B and C. Sometimes, to simplify the naming of the angle, it is simply called angle A. Vertical and Adjacent Angles When two straight lines intersect at a point, four angles are formed, for example, A, B, C, and D angles. A pair of angles opposite each other, formed by two intersecting straight lines that form an X-like shape, are called  vertical angles  or  opposite angles. The opposite angles are mirror images of each other. The  degree of angles will be the same. Those pairs are named first.   Since those angles have the same measure of  degrees, those angles are considered equal  or  congruent.   For example, pretend that the letter X is an example of those four angles. The top part of the X forms a v shape, that would be named angle A. The degree of that angle is exactly the same as the bottom part of the X, which forms a ^ shape, and that would be called angle B. Likewise, the two sides of the X form a and an shape. Those would be angles C and D. Both C and D would share the same degrees, they are opposite angles and are congruent. In this same example, angle A and angle C and are adjacent to each other, they share an arm or side. Also, in this example, the angles are supplementary, which mean that each of the two angles combined equals 180 degrees (one of those straight lines that intersected to form the four angles). The same can be said of angle A and angle D.

Australian Involvement In Wwi History Essay

Australian Involvement In Wwi History Essay Australia was involved in the world war one for many reasons. The most important reason was to help its mother country Britain. They thought if they helped Britain they will help them in any problem. Reasons for enlistment in 1914: In 1914, Australia became involved in world war one because of Britain declaring the war on Germany. When Britain declared the war, the Britain Empire should go to war including Australia and New Zealand. At this time Andrew Fisher (the future prime minister) promised Britain to help the in the war. Australia has entered the war for three reasons:http://web.grinnell.edu/individuals /kapilas/talks/Introduction_to_Indian_Writing_in_English_files /slide0005_image002.jpg They will be known as a nation of its own; The other countries will have greater respect for the new nation; The British Empire in 1914.Andrew Fisher promised that Australia will help its mother country. Approximately 98% of Australia’s population are non aborigines and most of them ar e from the British Empire like Scotland and Wales. That’s why the men have volunteered to go to war and help their mother country. There were other reasons to go to war cause the thought it would be a great adventure, and the will give them a great wages and the thought they will come back in Christmas.http://www.samemory.sa.gov.au/webdata/resources/images/GRG32_16_7Illust.jpg Australia’s relationship with Britain: After Australia was federated in 1901 it was still a part of the British Empire Australia was found by Britain and Australia language and culture has come from Britain. Australian political, justice, education, fashion and sport system are British. An Australian Poster Used to Make the Australian to Go to warAustralia’s import marketing is from Britain. Australia economy is to tie to Britain’s. Australia’s defence was the British Navy. Australia was scared by the â€Å"Asian Hordes† but British power was its defence. Australia was part of the British Empire. The Australian children learned about the England kings and queens. From 1905, Australia celebrates the queen’s birthday. First the children go to the school in the morning and they sing patriotic song and they have the rest of the day as a public holiday. Australia’s involvement with Britain in 1914 or world war one was quite all over the place, they were like rivals but not enemies, they kind of despised each other but when it came to danger they would ark up and protect each other no matter the cost. Opposition to Involvement: Many were against the war some of them are conscientious objectors from religious groups Society of Friends who defeat the human life. The conscription is forcing men to go to war even if they don’t want to do there.118F824B The anti-war movement included: The Industrial Workers of the War; The Society of Friends; An extract from a letter written by F.J. Roberts in 1914 saying how he is against the war.The W oman’s Army Peace;

COMPANY LAW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

COMPANY LAW - Essay Example The deregulatory claims are premised on the view that inside information fosters market efficiency and that granting the property rights to security managers is an efficient compensation scheme. Prohibition of insider trading in European Union is justified on the basis of equity and fairness to all market participants. Generally, both firms, shareholders and the society benefit from the accurate pricing of the securities since it leads to efficient allocation of capital and decreases the volatility of the prices in the market thus attracting the risk-averse investors. The firm will also benefit from the accurate pricing through increase investor confidence in the security and reduction in monitoring costs. According to the proponents of deregulation, insider trading will benefit the society since it moves the price to a level which it would be if the inside information was available to the public. Henry Manne, asserts that insider trading leads to price accuracy thus it is an efficie nt mechanism for compensating the security managers for the release of stock information2. The aim of the new EU rules was address the divergence of the member states in their approach to market abuse3. Variations in the national laws have allowed many security managers to escape prosecution for insider dealing. Some countries even lack the sanction powers while other countries do not have sanctions for certain market manipulation offences. For instance, Bulgaria does not have any criminal laws to govern insider trading while other countries impose only up to five years maximum imprisonment for inside trading related offences. Another problem to the effectiveness of the sanctions is the Bank secrecy laws in some countries. For instance, French authorities have faced challenges in tracing the persons who executed order in Paris Stock Exchange via the Swiss banks. Some of the problematic effectiveness of sanctions includes the gaps in regulation of commodity derivatives, lack of legal certainty of the market abuse directive, the gaps in regulating new markets, platforms and over the counter instruments in the emerging markets. EU Directive 2003/6/EC24 adopted in 2003 updated the legal framework on insider dealing and market manipulation behavior. However, several market, technological and legislative changes have led to changes in the financial landscape thus creating loopholes for insider dealing. The Market Abuse Directive (MAD) faced numerous challenges in curbing insider trading. For instance, Section 3.1.1 of the MAD covered limited financial instruments

Liquidity Risk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Liquidity Risk - Essay Example On the other side, the market liquidity depends on the calculation of value risk and the length of holding period. So, the risk liability is attached with the issue of funding liquidity which may vary in the case of vast range of transaction (Fight, 421). The risk of liquidity tends to be managed, when market, credit and other risks are considered to be additional. There are several types of risk resolving techniques. These all are incorporated with the life of initial bank risk. The Federal Reserve System provided a banking risk framework designed by six factors. These include, reputational and liquidity risk, legal risks, market risks, credit risks. The structures of risk management are thus reviewed, making use of these risk categories. The supervision group is concerned with the liquidity risk fund, continue the preventive action against the other emerging risk and follow the current risk. All this preventive actions are fixed on revelation by majority of Federal Reserve banks. T his process tends to figure on a continuous basis, and as a result, measures to counter the existence of so many opportunities may result to risk (Morrison, 245). The financial risk is related with the possibilities of losing money of shareholder. On the other word, the investors did not have enough return on their investment in the company. This type of situation arises when the cash flow of the company proves inadequate to meet all the financial obligation of the company. At the time of insolvency, the creditors.

Ethics Concern in Criminal Justice Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Ethics Concern in Criminal Justice - Term Paper Example This fact has led to a lot of misunderstanding between students and the disciplinary faculties of institutions. These cases have become common since some of the academic ethics tend to contradict the students' rights, thus, resulting in some form of a dilemma (Hendrick 2000). These situations always make students find it difficult to differentiate between what is right and wrong. For instance, one of the academic ethics states that students should not cheat during any exam or test. Cheating here includes things like plagiarism among others. It is notable that a student might have done his personal research on the Internet and got the right answers. But it may be because he never cited his work properly the instructor might declare his work plagiarized. This action taken by the instructor might go against the student’s right to fair treatment due to the fact that the student got the question right, but the instructor degraded him because of improper citations. The other aspect might also come as a fact that the student was a slow learner and never got the concept of citation during the class time, yet the instructor assumed that every student understood the concept. Ethics Applied to Social Behavior Different people from various kinds of walks do have different behaviors. It is also notable that some behavior might affect other people negatively. This negative effect might then force the need of coming up with a solution for the affected ones. However, as much as there will be a need for coming up with a measure to control this behavior, the right of an individual to have a fond behavior should also not be violated (Bergman-Rosaman & Phythian 2011). A perfect example is that of smokers. It is clear that the law allows them to smoke, yet not everyone is ok with the smell of the cigarette smoke. This will then imply that as much as the law allows them to smoke cigarettes, they will need to ethically behave when smoking by isolating themselves in the smoking zones. Consequently, the act of isolating themselves when smoking tends to deny their right to free movement implying that the act is unfair to them (Sutch, 2001). Ethical Injustices that Might Arise When an Individual Is on I nternship Individuals are often subjected to more ethical dilemmas when they change places of work or when they join a new institution or organization. This is mainly because they might be unaware of the cultures and routines of these new environments. The main reason for this is always because some ethical behavior that they might have been used to in their initial institutions or organization might be immoral to the new organization, thus, making them face a dilemma (Bergman-Rosaman & Phythian 2011). Eventually they might forget that they are in a new environment and behave in accordance with their previous institution’s ethics which might be immoral to the new institution. This might then force the institution to subject them to harsh consequences just because of their ignorance or forgetful human nature. This can tend to be unfair to them. For instance, an individual who is used to a casual outfit might find it difficult to adapt to

A Qualitative Study on African American Women Administrators as Dissertation

A Qualitative Study on African American Women Administrators as Historically Black Colleges and Universities - Dissertation Example Despite this major accomplishment, African American women who are employed in HBCUs still face varied barriers that impede their advancement to ranks of powers. This study will explore the various barriers that confront African American women who are working as administrators in HBCUs in Georgia. In addition, this study will look at the various challenges and situations that serve as major roadblocks to the advancement of African American women in higher ranks in HBCUs. Chapter 1 presents the rationale of the study. By outlining the need to study African American women administrators, this study will help in the further enlightenment of the power dynamics evident in race and gender studies. In this chapter, the different barriers experienced by African American women holding administrative positions in HBCUs in Georgia are introduced. This chapter also discusses the problem and background of the study. In order to address the problems being examined by this study, a qualitative appro ach will be used. Qualitative methodology can help identify possible barriers that may exist for African American women striving for higher level administration positions through the in-depth analysis of the contexts that operate within the dynamics between African American women and positions of power. ... In addition, this chapter focuses on the significance of the study, nature of the study, theoretical framework, assumptions, limitations, and delimitations Background of the Problem According to Davis (2009) despite the high percentage of African American women employment in higher education, they still could not get into the office of the president in these higher educational institutions. Between 1986 and 2006, the percentage of African American women representation in college and universities rose from 4% to 8%. Although statistics show a growth in representation of African American women as presidents, in 2006, all women represented 45% of faculty and senior administrators revealing the lack of promotion into presidencies at college and universities (American Council on Education, 2007). Consequently, even though the number of woman occupying presidential positions has increased tremendously, this increase has been at a slower pace. The American Council of Education (ACE, 2007) s tates that from 1986 to 2006 women presidents went from 9.5% to 23% (p.7) compared to white men presidents which make 92% in 1986 and 88% in 2006. As regards African American women, Garner (2006) posits that they are making strides in representation in tenured track positions as well as presidencies. In fact, these presidential opportunities have created a voice for leaders such as Dr. Marvalene Hughes, president of California State University-Stanislaus, encouraging administrators to get a mentor in order to prevail against the glass ceiling that hinders female opportunities of promotion to higher levels of administration, ultimately resulting in presidency (Hamilton, 2004). By understanding the history and the